Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China.
Waters Technologies (Shanghai) Limited, Shanghai 201206, China.
Molecules. 2021 Mar 18;26(6):1696. doi: 10.3390/molecules26061696.
Ginseng is widely used as herb or food. Different parts of ginseng have diverse usages. However, the comprehensive analysis on the ginsenosides in different parts of ginseng root is scarce.
An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) combined with UNIFI informatics platform and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-charged aerosol detection (UHPLC-CAD) were employed to evaluate the different parts of cultivated ginseng root.
105 ginsenosides including 16 new compounds were identified or tentatively characterized. 22 potential chemical markers were identified, 20, 17, and 19 for main root (MR) and fibrous root (FR), main root (MR) and branch root (BR), and main root (MR) and rhizome (RH), respectively. The relative contents of Re, Rb, 20(R)-Rh, Rd, and Rf were highest in FR. The relative content of Rg was highest in RH. The total relative content of pharmacopoeia indicators Rg, Re, and Rb was highest in FR.
The differences among these parts were the compositions and relative contents of ginsenosides. Under our research conditions, the peak area ratio of Rg and Re could distinguish the MR and FR samples. Fibrous roots showed rich ingredients and high ginsenosides contents which should be further utilized.
人参被广泛用作草药或食物。人参的不同部位有不同的用途。然而，人参根不同部位的人参皂苷综合分析却很少。
采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱联用（UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS）结合 UNIFI 信息学平台和超高效液相色谱-电喷雾检测（UHPLC-CAD）对栽培人参根的不同部位进行评价。
共鉴定或初步鉴定了 105 种人参皂苷，包括 16 种新化合物。鉴定出 22 个潜在的化学标志物，分别为 20、17 和 19 个主根（MR）和纤维根（FR）、主根（MR）和侧根（BR）以及主根（MR）和根茎（RH）。FR 中 Re、Rb、20（R）-Rh、Rd 和 Rf 的相对含量最高。RH 中 Rg 的相对含量最高。FR 中药典指标 Rg、Re 和 Rb 的总相对含量最高。
这些部位的差异在于人参皂苷的组成和相对含量。在我们的研究条件下，Rg 和 Re 的峰面积比可以区分 MR 和 FR 样品。纤维根含有丰富的成分和高含量的人参皂苷，应进一步加以利用。
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