Ćavar Zeljković Sanja, Šišková Jana, Komzáková Karolína, De Diego Nuria, Kaffková Katarína, Tarkowski Petr
Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Šlechtitelů 29, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacky University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Mar 15;10(3):550. doi: 10.3390/plants10030550.
species are widely used as food, medicine, spices, and flavoring agents. Thus, chemical composition is an important parameter for assessing the quality of mints. In general, the contents of menthol, menthone, eucalyptol, and limonene comprise one of the major parameters for assessing the quality of commercially important mints. Building further on the phytochemical characterization of the quality of species, this work was focused on the composition of phenolic compounds in methanolic extracts. Thirteen species were grown under the same environmental conditions, and their methanolic extracts were subjected to the LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) profiling of phenolics and the testing their biological activities, i.e., antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibition activities, which are important features for the cosmetic industry. The total phenolic content (TPC) ranged from 14.81 ± 1.09 mg GAE (gallic acid equivalents)/g for to 58.93. ± 8.39 mg GAE/g for . The antioxidant activity of examined related with the content of the phenolic compounds and ranged from 22.79 ± 1.85 to 106.04 ± 3.26 mg TE (Trolox equivalents)/g for and , respectively. Additionally, (123.89 ± 5.64 mg KAE (kojic acid equivalents)/g) and (102.82 ± 15.16 mg KAE/g) showed a strong inhibition of the enzyme tyrosinase, which is related to skin hyperpigmentation. The most abundant compound in all samples was rosmarinic acid, ranging from 1363.38 ± 8323 to 2557.08 ± 64.21 μg/g. In general, the levels of phenolic acids in all examined mint extracts did not significantly differ. On the contrary, the levels of flavonoids varied within the species, especially in the case of hesperidin (from 0.73 ± 0.02 to 109. 39 ± 2.01 μg/g), luteolin (from 1.84 ± 0.11 to 31.03 ± 0.16 μg/g), and kaempferol (from 1.30 ± 0.17 to 33.68 ± 0.81 μg/g). Overall results indicated that all examined mints possess significant amounts of phenolic compounds that are responsible for antioxidant activity and, to some extent, for tyrosinase inhibition activity. Phenolics also proved to be adequate compounds, together with terpenoids, for the characterization of sp. Additionally, citrus-scented x could be selected as a good candidate for the food and pharmaceutical industry, especially due its chemical composition and easy cultivation, even in winter continental conditions.
薄荷属植物被广泛用作食品、药品、香料和调味剂。因此，化学成分是评估薄荷质量的一个重要参数。一般来说，薄荷醇、薄荷酮、桉叶油素和柠檬烯的含量是评估商业上重要的薄荷质量的主要参数之一。在薄荷属植物质量的植物化学特征基础上进一步开展研究，这项工作聚焦于甲醇提取物中酚类化合物的组成。13种薄荷属植物在相同环境条件下种植，对其甲醇提取物进行酚类化合物的液相色谱 - 串联质谱（LC - MS/MS）分析，并测试它们的生物活性，即抗氧化和酪氨酸酶抑制活性，这对化妆品行业来说是重要特性。总酚含量（TPC）范围从某一种薄荷的14.81±1.09毫克没食子酸当量（GAE）/克到另一种薄荷的58.93±8.39毫克GAE/克。所检测薄荷的抗氧化活性与酚类化合物含量相关，分别从某两种薄荷的22.79±1.85毫克Trolox当量（TE）/克到106.04±3.26毫克TE/克。此外，某两种薄荷（分别为123.89±5.64毫克曲酸当量（KAE）/克和102.82±15.16毫克KAE/克）对酪氨酸酶表现出强烈抑制作用，酪氨酸酶与皮肤色素沉着过度有关。所有样品中最丰富的化合物是迷迭香酸，含量范围从1363.38±83.23微克/克到2557.08±64.21微克/克。一般来说，所有检测的薄荷提取物中酚酸的含量没有显著差异。相反，黄酮类化合物的含量在不同种内有所变化，尤其是橙皮苷（从某一种薄荷的0.73±0.02微克/克到109.39±2.01微克/克）、木犀草素（从1.84±0.11微克/克到31.03±0.16微克/克）和山奈酚（从1.30±0.17微克/克到33.68±0.81微克/克）。总体结果表明，所有检测的薄荷都含有大量负责抗氧化活性的酚类化合物，并且在一定程度上负责酪氨酸酶抑制活性。酚类化合物与萜类化合物一起也被证明是用于薄荷属植物特征描述的合适化合物。此外，具有柑橘香味的某杂交薄荷可以被选为食品和制药行业的良好候选品种，特别是由于其化学成分以及易于种植，即使在冬季大陆性条件下也是如此。
