Girisa Sosmitha, Kumar Aviral, Rana Varsha, Parama Dey, Daimary Uzini Devi, Warnakulasuriya Saman, Kumar Alan Prem, Kunnumakkara Ajaikumar B
Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
Department of Oral Medicine, King's College London and WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer and Precancer, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom.
ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci. 2021 Mar 17;4(2):647-665. doi: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00017. eCollection 2021 Apr 9.
Oral diseases are among the most common encountered health issues worldwide, which are usually associated with anomalies of the oral cavity, jaws, and salivary glands. Despite the availability of numerous treatment modalities for oral disorders, a limited clinical response has been observed because of the inefficacy of the drugs and countless adverse side effects. Therefore, the development of safe, efficacious, and wide-spectrum therapeutics is imperative in the battle against oral diseases. Curcumin, extracted from the golden spice turmeric, is a well-known natural polyphenol that has been extensively studied for its broad pleiotropic attributes and its ability to modulate multiple biological processes. It is well-documented to target pro-inflammatory mediators like NF-κB, ROS, COX-2, IL-1, IL-2, TGF-β, growth factors, apoptotic proteins, receptors, and various kinases. These properties make curcumin a promising nutraceutical in the treatment of many oral diseases like oral submucous fibrosis, oral mucositis, oral leukoplakia, oral erythroplakia, oral candidiasis, aphthous stomatitis, oral lichen planus, dental caries, periodontitis, and gingivitis. Numerous and studies have shown that curcumin alleviates the symptoms of most of the oral complications, including the inhibition of the progression of oral cancer. In this regard, many clinical trials have been completed, and many are ongoing to investigate the "curcumin effect" in oral maladies. Therefore, the current review delineates the mechanistic framework of curcumin's propensity in curbing oral diseases and present outcomes of the clinical trials of curcumin-based therapeutics that can provide a breakthrough in the clinical management of these diseases.
口腔疾病是全球最常见的健康问题之一，通常与口腔、颌骨和唾液腺的异常有关。尽管有多种治疗口腔疾病的方法，但由于药物疗效不佳和无数不良副作用，临床反应有限。因此，开发安全、有效、广谱的治疗方法在对抗口腔疾病的斗争中势在必行。姜黄素是从金色香料姜黄中提取的一种著名的天然多酚，因其广泛的多效性特性和调节多种生物过程的能力而受到广泛研究。它有充分的文献记载可作用于促炎介质，如核因子κB、活性氧、环氧化酶-2、白细胞介素-1、白细胞介素-2、转化生长因子-β、生长因子、凋亡蛋白、受体和各种激酶。这些特性使姜黄素成为治疗许多口腔疾病的有前途的营养保健品，如口腔黏膜下纤维化、口腔黏膜炎、口腔白斑、口腔红斑、口腔念珠菌病、复发性阿弗他口炎、口腔扁平苔藓、龋齿、牙周炎和牙龈炎。大量研究表明，姜黄素可缓解大多数口腔并发症的症状，包括抑制口腔癌的进展。在这方面，已经完成了许多临床试验，并且还有许多正在进行中，以研究姜黄素在口腔疾病中的“姜黄素效应”。因此，本综述阐述了姜黄素抑制口腔疾病倾向的机制框架，并介绍了基于姜黄素的治疗方法的临床试验结果，这些结果可为这些疾病的临床管理带来突破。
