Chircov Cristina, Miclea Ion Iulian, Grumezescu Valentina, Grumezescu Alexandru Mihai
Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania.
Lasers Department, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, RO-077125 Magurele, Romania.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Apr 9;14(8):1867. doi: 10.3390/ma14081867.
Although bone possesses a remarkable capacity for self-remodeling and self-healing of small defects, the continuously increasing growth of bone diseases in the elderly population is becoming a significant burden, affecting individual life quality and society. Conventional treatment options involve surgical procedures for repair and reconstruction, local debridement, autografts or allografts, bone transport, Masquelet's two-stage reconstructions, and vascularized bone transplants. However, as such approaches often lead to disruptions of bone-regeneration processes and microbial contaminations and are often inefficient, researchers focus on developing bone-regenerative strategies and identifying novel therapeutic agents that could aid the bone-healing process. In this regard, plant-derived biocompounds, especially essential oils (EOs), have received great scientific attention in recent years, owing to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects. Current studies focus on either the direct application of EOs on bone tissue or the introduction of EOs as bioactive compounds in bone scaffolds or as coatings for bone implants. Some of the EOs investigated involve St. John's wort, rosemary, thyme, ylang, white poplar, eucalyptus, lavender, and grape seed. In this context, the present paper aims to provide an overview of the main mechanisms involved in bone repair and regeneration and the potential of EOs to address and enhance these mechanisms.
尽管骨骼具有显著的自我重塑和小缺陷自我修复能力，但老年人群中骨疾病的持续增长正成为一项重大负担，影响着个人生活质量和社会。传统治疗方法包括用于修复和重建的外科手术、局部清创、自体移植或异体移植、骨搬运、马斯克莱（Masquelet）两阶段重建以及带血管蒂骨移植。然而，由于这些方法常常导致骨再生过程中断和微生物污染，且往往效率低下，研究人员专注于开发骨再生策略并寻找能够辅助骨愈合过程的新型治疗药物。在这方面，植物源生物化合物，尤其是精油（EOs），近年来受到了极大的科学关注，这归因于它们的抗氧化、抗炎和抗菌作用。目前的研究要么聚焦于将精油直接应用于骨组织，要么将其作为生物活性化合物引入骨支架或作为骨植入物的涂层。所研究的一些精油包括圣约翰草、迷迭香、百里香、依兰、白杨、桉树、薰衣草和葡萄籽。在此背景下，本文旨在概述骨修复和再生所涉及的主要机制以及精油在解决和增强这些机制方面的潜力。
