Oduro-Mensah Ebenezer, Tetteh John, Adomako Isaac, Adjei-Mensah Evelyn, Owoo Christian, Yawson Anita O, Oliver-Commey Joseph A, Puplampu Peter, Samba Ali, Yawson Alfred E, Lartey Margaret
National COVID-19 Treatment Centre, Ga East Municipal Hospital, Ghana Health Service (GHS).
National COVID-19 Case Management Team, Ministry of Health, Accra, Ghana.
Ghana Med J. 2020 Dec;54(4 Suppl):23-32. doi: 10.4314/gmj.v54i4s.5.
This analysis described the clinical features of COVID-19 in the early phase of the pandemic in Ghana.
Data were extracted from two national COVID-19 treatment centers in Ghana for over 11 weeks(from March to May 2020). Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Modified Ordered Logistic and Negative Binomial Regression analysis were applied to establish factors associated with illness severity and Non-communicable Disease (NCDs) counts respectively. All analysis was conducted at the 95% confidence level (p-value ≤ 0.05) using Stata 16.
Among the 275 patients, the average age was 40.7±16.4, with a preponderance of males (54.5%). The three commonest symptoms presented were cough (21.3%), headache (15.7%), and sore throat (11.7%). Only 7.6% of the patients had a history of fever. Most patients were asymptomatic (51.65). Approximately 38.9% have an underlying co-morbid NCDs, with Hypertension (32.1%), Diabetes (9.9%), and Asthma (5.2%) being the three commonest. The odds of Moderate/severe (MoS) was significantly higher for those with unknown exposures to similar illness [aOR(95%CI) = 4.27(1.12-10.2)] compared with non-exposure to similar illness. An increased unit of NCD's count significantly increased the odds of COVID-19 MoS illness by 26%[cOR(95%CI) =1.26(1.09-1.84)] and 67% (adjusting for age) [aOR(95%CI)=1.67(1.13-2.49)].
The presence of cardiovascular co-morbidities dictated the frequency of reported symptoms and severity of COVID-19 infection in this sample of Ghanaians. Physicians should be aware of the presence of co-morbid NCDs and prepare to manage effectively among COVID-19 patients.
None declared.
本分析描述了加纳疫情早期新冠病毒病（COVID-19）的临床特征。
从加纳的两个国家级COVID-19治疗中心提取了超过11周（2020年3月至5月）的数据。进行了描述性和推断性统计分析。分别应用修正有序逻辑回归和负二项回归分析来确定与疾病严重程度和非传染性疾病（NCDs）计数相关的因素。所有分析均使用Stata 16在95%置信水平（p值≤0.05）下进行。
在275名患者中，平均年龄为40.7±16.4岁，男性占多数（54.5%）。出现的三种最常见症状为咳嗽（21.3%）、头痛（15.7%）和咽痛（11.7%）。只有7.6%的患者有发热病史。大多数患者无症状（51.65%）。约38.9%的患者有潜在的合并NCDs，其中高血压（32.1%）、糖尿病（9.9%）和哮喘（5.2%）是三种最常见的疾病。与未接触过类似疾病的患者相比，接触过类似疾病但情况不明的患者出现中度/重度（MoS）的几率显著更高[aOR(95%CI)=4.27(1.12 - 10.2)]。NCDs计数每增加一个单位，COVID-19出现MoS疾病的几率显著增加26%[cOR(95%CI)=1.26(1.09 - 1.84)]，调整年龄后增加67%[aOR(95%CI)=1.67(1.13 - 2.49)]。
在这个加纳样本中，心血管合并症的存在决定了COVID-19感染报告症状的频率和严重程度。医生应意识到合并NCDs的存在，并准备好在COVID-19患者中进行有效管理。
未声明。
