Université de Paris, CNRS, ITODYS (UMR 7086), 75013 Paris, France.
SATIE, UMR CNRS 8029, Cnam, 75003 Paris, France.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Jun 23;21(13):4300. doi: 10.3390/s21134300.
This review critically summarizes the knowledge of imprinted polymer-based electrochemical sensors for the detection of pesticides, metal ions and waterborne pathogenic bacteria, focusing on the last five years. MIP-based electrochemical sensors exhibit low limits of detection (LOD), high selectivity, high sensitivity and low cost. We put the emphasis on the design of imprinted polymers and their composites and coatings by radical polymerization, oxidative polymerization of conjugated monomers or sol-gel chemistry. Whilst most imprinted polymers are used in conjunction with differential pulse or square wave voltammetry for sensing organics and metal ions, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) appears as the chief technique for detecting bacteria or their corresponding proteins. Interestingly, bacteria could also be probed via their quorum sensing signaling molecules or flagella proteins. If much has been developed in the past decade with glassy carbon or gold electrodes, it is clear that carbon paste electrodes of imprinted polymers are more and more investigated due to their versatility. Shortlisted case studies were critically reviewed and discussed; clearly, a plethora of tricky strategies of designing selective electrochemical sensors are offered to "Imprinters". We anticipate that this review will be of interest to experts and newcomers in the field who are paying time and effort combining electrochemical sensors with MIP technology.
本文综述了近年来基于印迹聚合物的电化学生物传感器在农药、金属离子和水生病原菌检测方面的研究进展。基于印迹聚合物的电化学生物传感器具有检测限低、选择性高、灵敏度高和成本低等优点。本文重点介绍了印迹聚合物及其复合材料和涂层的设计，包括自由基聚合、共轭单体的氧化聚合和溶胶-凝胶化学等方法。虽然大多数印迹聚合物与差分脉冲或方波伏安法结合用于检测有机物质和金属离子，但电化学阻抗谱（EIS）似乎是检测细菌或其相应蛋白质的主要技术。有趣的是，细菌的群体感应信号分子或鞭毛蛋白也可以通过电化学方法进行检测。过去十年中，玻璃碳或金电极的研究取得了很大进展，但由于其多功能性，印迹聚合物的碳糊电极越来越受到关注。本文对精选的案例研究进行了批判性回顾和讨论；显然，为“印迹者”提供了大量设计选择性电化学生物传感器的棘手策略。我们预计，本文将对电化学传感器与 MIP 技术相结合领域的专家和新手具有参考价值。
