Sivanesan Iyyakkannu, Gopal Judy, Muthu Manikandan, Shin Juhyun, Mari Selvaraj, Oh Jaewook
Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea.
Laboratory of Neo Natural Farming, Chunnampet, Tamil Nadu 603 401, India.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Jul 9;13(14):2256. doi: 10.3390/polym13142256.
Chitosan has become a highlighted polymer, gaining paramount importance and research attention. The fact that this valuable polymer can be extracted from food industry-generated shell waste gives it immense value. Chitosan, owing to its biological and physicochemical properties, has become an attractive option for biomedical applications. This review briefly runs through the various methods involved in the preparation of chitosan and chitosan nanoforms. For the first time, we consolidate the available scattered reports on the various attempts towards greens synthesis of chitosan, chitosan nanomaterials, and chitosan nanocomposites. The drug delivery applications of chitosan and its nanoforms have been reviewed. This review points to the lack of systematic research in the area of green synthesis of chitosan. Researchers have been concentrating more on recovering chitosan from marine shell waste through chemical and synthetic processes that generate toxic wastes, rather than working on eco-friendly green processes-this is projected in this review. This review draws the attention of researchers to turn to novel and innovative green processes. More so, there are scarce reports on the application of green synthesized chitosan nanoforms and nanocomposites towards drug delivery applications. This is another area that deserves research focus. These have been speculated and highlighted as future perspectives in this review.
壳聚糖已成为一种备受关注的聚合物，具有至关重要的意义并受到广泛研究关注。这种有价值的聚合物能够从食品工业产生的壳类废弃物中提取，这赋予了它巨大的价值。壳聚糖因其生物学和物理化学性质，已成为生物医学应用中颇具吸引力的选择。本综述简要介绍了壳聚糖及其纳米形式制备过程中涉及的各种方法。我们首次整合了关于壳聚糖、壳聚糖纳米材料和壳聚糖纳米复合材料绿色合成的各种尝试的现有分散报告。对壳聚糖及其纳米形式的药物递送应用进行了综述。本综述指出在壳聚糖绿色合成领域缺乏系统研究。研究人员更多地专注于通过产生有毒废物的化学和合成过程从海洋壳类废弃物中回收壳聚糖，而非致力于环保的绿色工艺——本综述对此进行了阐述。本综述提请研究人员关注转向新颖且创新的绿色工艺。此外，关于绿色合成的壳聚糖纳米形式和纳米复合材料在药物递送应用方面的报道稀少。这是另一个值得研究关注的领域。这些已在本综述中被推测并突出为未来展望。
