Tegegne Bantayehu Addis, Mekuria Abebe Basazn, Birru Eshetie Melese
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
J Exp Pharmacol. 2022 Feb 1;14:27-41. doi: 10.2147/JEP.S335650. eCollection 2022.
Despite the availability of synthetic antihyperglycaemic medications on the market, diabetes is on the rise. Though not scientifically proven, the Hochst. ex A. Rich. (Amaryllidaceae) has been used traditionally to treat diabetes. was tested in mice to see if it had anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic properties.
The hydro-alcoholic extract of shoot tips doses (100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg) were administered to normoglycemic, oral glucose-loaded mice, and single and repeated dose-treated streptozotocin-induced diabetic model. Then, the blood glucose levels were measured for normoglycemic, oral glucose loaded and single dose treated streptozotocin model. Whereas in repeated dose-treated streptozotocin induced diabetic model, blood glucose level, body weight, and lipid profiles were measured.
After oral administration, all extract doses (100 mg/kg (p < 0.01), 200 mg/kg (p < 0.001), and 400 mg/kg (p < 0.001)) significantly reduced blood glucose level of normal mice as compared to the control group. Significant reduction of post-prandial glucose was achieved with crude extract at a tested dose of 100 mg/kg (p < 0.05) both at 1st and 2nd hours; 200 mg/kg (p < 0.01) at the 1st hour and (p < 0.001) 2nd hours, and 400 mg/kg (p < 0.001) at the 1st and 2nd hours as compared to the negative control. In diabetic mice, the crude extract 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg; and glibenclamide 5 mg/kg significantly reduced (p < 0.001) blood glucose level on the 14th day as compared to the negative control. All doses of crude extract significantly improved the lipid profiles and the bodyweight of diabetic mice.
These findings revealed that the hydro-alcoholic extract of shoot tips possess significant antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, and body weight improvements in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Besides, it showed hypoglycaemic and anti-hyperglycaemic activities on normoglycemic and oral glucose loaded mice, respectively. These justify the claimed use of the plant in ameliorating diabetes mellitus in Ethiopian folk medicine.
尽管市场上有合成抗高血糖药物，但糖尿病的发病率仍在上升。虽然未经科学验证，但 Hochst. ex A. Rich.（石蒜科）传统上一直被用于治疗糖尿病。对其在小鼠身上进行了测试，以观察它是否具有抗糖尿病和抗高血脂特性。
将石蒜科植物茎尖的水醇提取物以不同剂量（100毫克/千克、200毫克/千克和400毫克/千克）给予血糖正常、口服葡萄糖负荷的小鼠，以及单次和重复剂量治疗的链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病模型。然后，测量血糖正常、口服葡萄糖负荷和单次剂量治疗的链脲佐菌素模型的血糖水平。而在重复剂量治疗的链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病模型中，测量血糖水平、体重和血脂谱。
口服给药后，与对照组相比，所有提取物剂量（100毫克/千克（p < 0.01）、200毫克/千克（p < 0.001）和400毫克/千克（p < 0.001））均显著降低了正常小鼠的血糖水平。在测试剂量为100毫克/千克时，粗提物在第1小时和第2小时均显著降低了餐后血糖（p < 0.05）；200毫克/千克在第1小时（p < 0.01）和第2小时（p < 0.001），400毫克/千克在第1小时和第2小时（p < 0.001），与阴性对照相比。在糖尿病小鼠中，与阴性对照相比，200毫克/千克和400毫克/千克的粗提物以及5毫克/千克的格列本脲在第14天显著降低了血糖水平（p < 0.001）。所有剂量的粗提物均显著改善了糖尿病小鼠的血脂谱和体重。
这些发现表明，石蒜科植物茎尖的水醇提取物在链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病小鼠中具有显著的降血糖、降血脂和改善体重的作用。此外，它分别在血糖正常和口服葡萄糖负荷的小鼠中显示出降血糖和抗高血糖活性。这些结果证明了该植物在埃塞俄比亚民间医学中用于改善糖尿病的说法是合理的。
