De Cesare Alessandra, Oliveri Chiara, Lucchi Alex, Savini Federica, Manfreda Gerardo, Sala Claudia
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy.
Foods. 2022 Jan 18;11(3):249. doi: 10.3390/foods11030249.
Antibiotic free farms are increasing in the poultry sector in order to address new EU regulations and consumer concerns. In this pilot study, we investigated whether the efforts of raising chickens without the use antibiotics make any difference in the microbiome of poultry meat eaten by consumers. To this aim we compared the microbiomes characterizing caeca and the corresponding carcasses of two groups of chickens reared, one reared on a conventional farm and one on an antibiotic-free intensive farm. The results showed a clear separation between the taxonomic, functional and antibiotic resistant genes in the caeca of the birds reared on the conventional and antibiotic free farm. However, that separation was completely lost on carcasses belonging to the two groups. The antibiotic-free production resulted in statistically significant lower antimicrobial resistance load in the caeca in comparison to the conventional production. Moreover, the antimicrobial resistance load on carcasses was much higher than in the caeca, without any significant difference between carcasses coming from the two types of farms. All in all, the results of this research highlighted the need to reduce sources of microbial contamination and antimicrobial resistance not only at the farm level but also at the post-harvest one.
为了符合欧盟新规定并回应消费者关切，家禽养殖行业中无抗生素养殖场的数量正在增加。在这项试点研究中，我们调查了不使用抗生素养鸡的做法是否会对消费者食用的禽肉微生物群产生影响。为此，我们比较了两组鸡的盲肠及其相应胴体的微生物群特征，一组鸡在传统农场饲养，另一组在无抗生素集约化农场饲养。结果显示，在传统农场和无抗生素农场饲养的鸡的盲肠中，分类学、功能和抗生素抗性基因存在明显差异。然而，两组鸡的胴体上这种差异完全消失了。与传统养殖相比，无抗生素养殖使盲肠中的抗菌抗性负荷在统计学上显著降低。此外，胴体上的抗菌抗性负荷远高于盲肠，且来自两种类型农场的胴体之间没有显著差异。总而言之，这项研究结果凸显了不仅要在农场层面，还要在收获后环节减少微生物污染和抗菌抗性来源的必要性。
