Dankittipong Natcha, Fischer Egil A J, Swanenburg Manon, Wagenaar Jaap A, Stegeman Arjan J, de Vos Clazien J
Department Population Health Sciences, Farm Animal Health, Utrecht University, Martinus G. de Bruingebouw, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Wageningen University & Research, Houtribweg 39, 8221 RA Lelystad, The Netherlands.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2022 Feb 21;11(2):281. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11020281.
Early detection of emerging carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in food-producing animals is essential to control the spread of CPE. We assessed the risk of CPE introduction from imported livestock, livestock feed, companion animals, hospital patients, and returning travelers into livestock farms in The Netherlands, including (1) broiler, (2) broiler breeder, (3) fattening pig, (4) breeding pig, (5) farrow-to-finish pig, and (6) veal calf farms. The expected annual number of introductions was calculated from the number of farms exposed to each CPE source and the probability that at least one animal in an exposed farm is colonized. The total number of farms with CPE colonization was estimated to be the highest for fattening pig farms, whereas the probability of introduction for an individual farm was the highest for broiler farms. Livestock feed and imported livestock are the most likely sources of CPE introduction into Dutch livestock farms. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the number of fattening pig farms determined the number of high introductions in fattening pigs from feed, and that uncertainty on CPE prevalence impacted the absolute risk estimate for all farm types. The results of this study can be used to inform risk-based surveillance for CPE in livestock farms.
早期检测食品生产动物中新兴的耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌科细菌（CPE）对于控制CPE的传播至关重要。我们评估了从进口牲畜、牲畜饲料、伴侣动物、医院患者和回国旅行者引入CPE到荷兰畜牧场的风险，这些畜牧场包括：（1）肉鸡场；（2）肉种鸡场；（3）育肥猪场；（4）种猪场；（5）自繁自养猪场；（6）犊牛场。预期每年的引入数量是根据接触每种CPE来源的农场数量以及接触农场中至少有一头动物被定植的概率计算得出的。估计CPE定植农场总数育肥猪场最高，而单个农场引入的概率肉鸡场最高。牲畜饲料和进口牲畜是CPE引入荷兰畜牧场最可能的来源。敏感性分析表明，育肥猪场数量决定了饲料中育肥猪高引入数量，CPE流行率的不确定性影响了所有农场类型的绝对风险估计。本研究结果可用于为畜牧场基于风险的CPE监测提供信息。
