Patel P J, Lefford M J
Infect Immun. 1978 Jun;20(3):692-7. doi: 10.1128/iai.20.3.692-697.1978.
Following subcutaneous inoculation of irradiated Mycobacterium leprae (I-ML) into the left hind footpad of mice, there was increased resistance to Listeria monocytogenes, indicative of macrophage activation, at the immunization site. In spite of the high level of localized macrophage activation which was proportioned to the immunizing dose of I-ML, no such activity could be demonstrated systemically in these mice, as evidenced by the absence of increased resistance to an intravenous challenge with L. monocytogenes. Under these conditions, I-ML-immunized mice were nonetheless resistant to intravenous infection with either M. tuberculosis or M. bovis BCG, and this immunity was transferred to normal recipients using spleen or lymph node cells. Neonatal thymectomy completely abolished the development of antimycobacterial immunity after vaccination with I-ML, but immunity was restored by an intraperitoneal infusion of syngeneic thymocytes. Systemic nonspecific resistance could be generated in I-ML-immunized mice by an intravenous injection of disrupted I-ML. This study reveals that, after subcutaneous vaccination with I-ML, there is local accumulation of activated macrophages at the inoculation site and a widespread distribution of lymphocytes which are sensitized to mycobacterial antigens. Nonspecific resistance is mediated by the former cells and specific antimycobacterial immunity by the latter.
将经辐照的麻风分枝杆菌（I-ML）皮下接种到小鼠左后足垫后，免疫部位对单核细胞增生李斯特菌的抵抗力增强，这表明巨噬细胞被激活。尽管局部巨噬细胞的激活程度很高，且与I-ML的免疫剂量成正比，但在这些小鼠中未观察到全身性的此类活性，这可通过对单核细胞增生李斯特菌静脉攻击的抵抗力未增强得到证明。在这些条件下，I-ML免疫的小鼠对结核分枝杆菌或牛分枝杆菌卡介苗的静脉感染仍具有抵抗力，并且这种免疫力可通过脾脏或淋巴结细胞转移给正常受体。新生小鼠胸腺切除完全消除了I-ML疫苗接种后抗分枝杆菌免疫力的发展，但通过腹腔内输注同基因胸腺细胞可恢复免疫力。通过静脉注射破碎的I-ML可在I-ML免疫的小鼠中产生全身性非特异性抵抗力。这项研究表明，用I-ML皮下接种疫苗后，接种部位有活化巨噬细胞的局部聚集，以及对分枝杆菌抗原敏感的淋巴细胞的广泛分布。非特异性抵抗力由前者细胞介导，特异性抗分枝杆菌免疫力由后者介导。
