Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 36, 20133, Milan, Italy.
Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Granarolo, 64, 48018, Faenza, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2022 Apr 9;12(1):5994. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-09787-5.
Recent health care products are based on formulations claimed to provide enamel remineralization and dentinal tubules occlusion through calcium-phosphate bioactive nanocompounds (ion-doped hydroxyapatite and precursor, amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles). This study aimed to characterize, test, and compare for the first time the structure and performance of a representative, market-available sample of remineralizing toothpastes and topical mousses. Formulations were characterized to determine their composition and investigate the presence of bioactive compounds and doping elements. A conventional fluoride-containing toothpaste was used as reference. The enamel remineralization and efficacy of dentinal tubules occlusion by tested formulations were investigated ex vivo on human hard tissues. All formulations containing Ca-P bioactive nanocompounds showed remineralizing ability by epitaxial growth of a layer showing the morphology and composition of human hydroxyapatite. Such layers also embedded nanosilica clusters. The presence of doping elements or casein phosphopeptide seemed essential to allow such performances, especially when hydroxyapatite and amorphous calcium phosphate compounds were doped with small amounts of CO, F, Mg, and Sr. Topical mousse formulations showed a higher tubules occlusion capability than toothpastes, independently from their composition. Therefore, all tested formulations could be useful in restoring tooth structures in a biomimetic way, contrasting dental demineralization processes leading to caries.
最近的保健品是基于声称通过钙磷生物活性纳米复合物（离子掺杂羟基磷灰石和前体、无定形磷酸钙纳米颗粒）提供牙釉质再矿化和牙本质小管封闭的配方。本研究旨在首次对代表性的、市售的再矿化牙膏和局部慕斯进行结构和性能的表征、测试和比较。对配方进行了表征，以确定其组成并研究生物活性化合物和掺杂元素的存在。使用含氟传统牙膏作为参考。对人体硬组织进行了体外实验，研究了测试配方对牙釉质再矿化和牙本质小管封闭的效果。所有含有 Ca-P 生物活性纳米复合物的配方均通过外延生长一层显示出人羟基磷灰石形态和组成的层来显示出再矿化能力。这些层还嵌入了纳米二氧化硅簇。掺杂元素或酪蛋白磷酸肽的存在似乎对于实现这种性能至关重要，尤其是当羟基磷灰石和无定形磷酸钙化合物掺杂少量 CO、F、Mg 和 Sr 时。局部慕斯配方比牙膏具有更高的小管封闭能力，这与它们的组成无关。因此，所有测试的配方都可以以仿生的方式修复牙齿结构，对抗导致龋齿的牙齿脱矿过程。
