A.A Cash Technology, 59 Shlomzion Hamalca, Tel Aviv 62266, Israel.
Cells. 2022 Mar 22;11(7):1072. doi: 10.3390/cells11071072.
The cryopreservation of cells has been in routine use for decades. However, despite the extensive research in the field, cryopreservation of large tissues and organs is still experimental. The present review highlights the major studies of directional freezing and vitrification of large tissues and whole organs and describes the different parameters that impact the success rate of large tissue and organ cryopreservation. Key factors, such as mass and heat transfer, cryoprotectant toxicity, nucleation, crystal growth, and chilling injury, which all have a significant influence on whole-organ cryopreservation outcomes, are reviewed. In addition, an overview of the principles of directional freezing and vitrification is given and the manners in which cryopreservation impacts large tissues and organs are described in detail.
细胞的冷冻保存已经常规应用了几十年。然而，尽管该领域已经进行了广泛的研究，但大组织和器官的冷冻保存仍然是实验性的。本综述重点介绍了大组织和整个器官的定向冷冻和玻璃化的主要研究，并描述了影响大组织和器官冷冻保存成功率的不同参数。综述了对整个器官冷冻保存结果有重大影响的关键因素，如质量和热传递、冷冻保护剂毒性、成核、晶体生长和冷休克损伤。此外，还概述了定向冷冻和玻璃化的原理，并详细描述了冷冻保存对大组织和器官的影响方式。
