Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2022 Jul;165:113179. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113179. Epub 2022 May 25.
Tobacco and tobacco smoke contain a complex mixture of over 9500 chemical compounds, many of which have been recognized as hazardous to human health by regulatory agencies. In 2012, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration established a list of harmful and potentially harmful constituents in unburned tobacco and tobacco smoke, 79 of which are considered as carcinogens. Over the past 10 years, with advancing analytical technology, significant amounts of new data have been published, increasing our understanding of levels of carcinogens in tobacco products. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has released 35 monographs since 2012, with an increasing number of compounds in unburned tobacco and tobacco smoke classified as carcinogens. In this paper, we provide an updated list of IARC-classified carcinogens in unburned tobacco and tobacco mainstream smoke. A total of 83 carcinogens has been identified - 37 in unburned tobacco and 80 in tobacco smoke - with their occurrence levels reported since 2012. No clear decreasing trends were observed for any of these carcinogens in recent years. Surveillance of the levels of tobacco carcinogens as well as regulatory actions are needed to ensure control of their levels so that potential reduced risks of cancer and other diseases may be achieved.
烟草及烟草烟雾中含有超过 9500 种化学成分的复杂混合物，其中许多已被监管机构确认为对人类健康有害。2012 年，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）确定了未燃烧烟草及烟草烟雾中有害和潜在有害成分的清单，其中 79 种被认为是致癌物质。在过去的 10 年中，随着分析技术的进步，大量新数据已经发表，这增加了我们对烟草产品中致癌物质水平的认识。自 2012 年以来，国际癌症研究机构（IARC）已经发布了 35 份专题研究报告，越来越多的未燃烧烟草和烟草烟雾中的化合物被归类为致癌物质。在本文中，我们提供了一份更新的未燃烧烟草和主流烟草烟雾中 IARC 分类致癌物质清单。共鉴定出 83 种致癌物质 - 未燃烧烟草中有 37 种，烟草烟雾中有 80 种 - 并报告了自 2012 年以来它们的出现水平。近年来，这些致癌物质中没有任何一种呈现出明显的下降趋势。需要对烟草致癌物质的水平进行监测和监管行动，以确保控制其水平，从而实现癌症和其他疾病风险的潜在降低。
