University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom, United Kingdom.
University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom, United Kingdom.
J Biomed Opt. 2022 Aug;27(8). doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.27.8.080901.
Measurement and imaging of hemoglobin oxygenation are used extensively in the detection and diagnosis of disease; however, the applied instruments vary widely in their depth of imaging, spatiotemporal resolution, sensitivity, accuracy, complexity, physical size, and cost. The wide variation in available instrumentation can make it challenging for end users to select the appropriate tools for their application and to understand the relative limitations of different methods.
We aim to provide a systematic overview of the field of hemoglobin imaging and sensing.
We reviewed the sensing and imaging methods used to analyze hemoglobin oxygenation, including pulse oximetry, spectral reflectance imaging, diffuse optical imaging, spectroscopic optical coherence tomography, photoacoustic imaging, and diffuse correlation spectroscopy.
We compared and contrasted the ability of different methods to determine hemoglobin biomarkers such as oxygenation while considering factors that influence their practical application.
We highlight key limitations in the current state-of-the-art and make suggestions for routes to advance the clinical use and interpretation of hemoglobin oxygenation information.
血红蛋白氧合的测量和成像广泛应用于疾病的检测和诊断；然而，应用的仪器在成像深度、时空分辨率、灵敏度、准确性、复杂性、物理尺寸和成本方面差异很大。可用仪器的广泛变化可能使终端用户难以选择适合其应用的适当工具，并了解不同方法的相对局限性。
我们旨在对血红蛋白成像和传感领域进行系统概述。
我们回顾了用于分析血红蛋白氧合的传感和成像方法，包括脉搏血氧饱和度测定法、光谱反射成像、漫反射光学成像、光谱光学相干断层扫描、光声成像和漫射相关光谱。
我们比较和对比了不同方法在考虑影响其实际应用的因素的情况下确定血红蛋白生物标志物（如氧合）的能力。
我们强调了当前最先进技术的关键局限性，并就推进血红蛋白氧合信息的临床应用和解释提出了建议。
