Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
International Livestock Research Institute, Kenya.
J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2022 Jun;93(1):40a-40h.
() is an important opportunistic pathogen, frequently associated with pyoderma and otitis in dogs. The emergence and rapid expansion of methicillin-resistant (MR) is problematic due to multidrug resistance and reduced treatment options. The aim of this study was to determine i) the prevalence of MR in dogs with pyoderma or otitis externa, ii) the antimicrobial resistance patterns of MR from South African isolates, and iii) the risk factors for MR-associated pyoderma or otitis externa in dogs in South Africa (RSA). Sixty-eight presumptive clinical isolates (collected from 65 dogs) from five geographically dispersed laboratories in RSA were collected over 2 years. Possible MR isolates were flagged when resistance to oxacillin was observed. Thereafter, all isolates were confirmed as by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and further genotyped for the A gene. Fifty-seven of 68 isolates were confirmed to be (83.8%), while 49/57 (85.9%) carried A. Our findings showed that preliminary phenotypic methods supplemented by genotypic methods increased the accuracy of correctly identifying . All isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial drug. There was a high incidence of amoxicillin (70.1%) and enrofloxacin (65%) resistance. Important risk factors for A positive carriage were previous hospital admission, pruritus, and previous antibacterial failure. This study demonstrates a high prevalence of A positive carriage (85.9% of samples) in MR pyoderma and otitis in dogs in RSA. There is an urgent need for better laboratory diagnosis of MR and surveillance of dogs presenting with pyoderma and otitis in South Africa.
（金黄色葡萄球菌）是一种重要的机会性病原体，常与犬的脓皮病和外耳炎有关。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MR）的出现和迅速扩散是一个问题，因为它具有多种药物耐药性和减少的治疗选择。本研究的目的是：i）确定患有脓皮病或外耳炎的犬中 MR 的流行率；ii）南非分离株中 MR 的抗菌药物耐药模式；iii）南非犬中与 MR 相关的脓皮病或外耳炎的危险因素（RSA）。在 2 年的时间里，从 RSA 五个地理位置分散的实验室收集了 68 株疑似临床分离株（来自 65 只狗）。当观察到对苯唑西林的耐药性时，可疑的 MR 分离株被标记出来。此后，所有分离株均通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）确认为金黄色葡萄球菌，并进一步针对 A 基因进行基因分型。68 株分离株中的 57 株被确认为金黄色葡萄球菌（83.8%），而 49/57（85.9%）株携带 A 基因。我们的研究结果表明，初步表型方法辅以基因方法提高了正确识别的准确性。所有分离株对至少一种抗菌药物具有耐药性。阿莫西林（70.1%）和恩诺沙星（65%）耐药的发生率很高。A 阳性携带的重要危险因素是以前的住院治疗、瘙痒和以前的抗菌治疗失败。本研究表明，在 RSA 中，MR 脓皮病和外耳炎犬中 A 阳性携带率很高（85.9%的样本）。迫切需要更好的 MR 实验室诊断和南非出现脓皮病和外耳炎的犬的监测。
