Katopodi Theodora, Petanidis Savvas, Tsavlis Drosos, Anestakis Doxakis, Charalampidis Charalampos, Chatziprodromidou Ioanna, Eskitzis Panagiotis, Zarogoulidis Paul, Kosmidis Christoforos, Matthaios Dimitris, Porpodis Konstantinos
Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Biology and Genetics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Department of Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Front Oncol. 2022 Oct 21;12:1042125. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1042125. eCollection 2022.
The appearance of chemoresistance in cancer is a major issue. The main barriers to conventional tumor chemotherapy are undesirable toxic effects and multidrug resistance. Cancer nanotherapeutics were developed to get around the drawbacks of conventional chemotherapy. Through clinical evaluation of thoughtfully developed nano delivery systems, cancer nanotherapeutics have recently offered unmatched potential to comprehend and combat drug resistance and toxicity. In different design approaches, including passive targeting, active targeting, nanomedicine, and multimodal nanomedicine combination therapy, were successful in treating cancer in this situation. Even though cancer nanotherapy has achieved considerable technological development, tumor biology complexity and heterogeneity and a lack of full knowledge of nano-bio interactions remain important hurdles to future clinical translation and commercialization. The recent developments and advancements in cancer nanotherapeutics utilizing a wide variety of nanomaterial-based platforms to overcome cancer treatment resistance are covered in this article. Additionally, an evaluation of different nanotherapeutics-based approaches to cancer treatment, such as tumor microenvironment targeted techniques, sophisticated delivery methods for the precise targeting of cancer stem cells, as well as an update on clinical studies are discussed. Lastly, the potential for cancer nanotherapeutics to overcome tumor relapse and the therapeutic effects and targeted efficacies of modern nanosystems are analyzed.
癌症中化学抗性的出现是一个主要问题。传统肿瘤化疗的主要障碍是不良的毒性作用和多药耐药性。癌症纳米疗法的开发是为了克服传统化疗的缺点。通过对精心开发的纳米递送系统进行临床评估，癌症纳米疗法最近展现出了在理解和对抗耐药性及毒性方面无与伦比的潜力。在不同的设计方法中，包括被动靶向、主动靶向、纳米医学和多模态纳米医学联合疗法，在这种情况下成功地治疗了癌症。尽管癌症纳米疗法已经取得了相当大的技术发展，但肿瘤生物学的复杂性和异质性以及对纳米-生物相互作用缺乏全面了解仍然是未来临床转化和商业化的重要障碍。本文涵盖了利用各种基于纳米材料的平台克服癌症治疗抗性的癌症纳米疗法的最新进展。此外，还讨论了对不同的基于纳米疗法的癌症治疗方法的评估，如肿瘤微环境靶向技术、精确靶向癌症干细胞的复杂递送方法以及临床研究的最新情况。最后，分析了癌症纳米疗法克服肿瘤复发的潜力以及现代纳米系统的治疗效果和靶向疗效。
