MAGI Euregio, Bolzano, Italy.
MAGI's Lab, Rovereto (TN), Italy.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2022 Oct 17;63(2 Suppl 3):E21-E27. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2S3.2743. eCollection 2022 Jun.
Fruit and vegetables are excellent sources of health-promoting bioactive compounds and nutraceuticals. Regular consumption of fruit and vegetables helps prevent the onset and progression of many non-communicable diseases. The Mediterranean diet envisages consumption of healthy vegetables and fruit on a daily basis for maximum health benefits. Traditional use envisages vegetable-based and fruit-based diets, and many studies scientifically proved the beneficial effects of Mediterranean vegetables and fruits. Rich in bioactive phytochemicals, citrus, cucumbers and grapes have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, anti-ageing and anti-cancer properties. Studies indicate that intake of citrus, cucumbers and grapes reduces hypertension, hyperlipidemia, skin problems and infections and improves the health of the cardiovascular and nervous systems. These beneficial effects are mediated by several bioactive molecules present in Mediterranean diet vegetables and fruits, such as citrus, cucumbers and grapes. Indeed, they contains flavones, isoflavones, tannins, polyphenols and many beneficial natural molecules. This review focuses on the bioactive ingredients in citrus fruit, cucumbers and grapes, all components of the Mediterranean diet, and their health effects. A deep understanding of Mediterranean diet's components, as well as clinical trials to test natural molecules beneficial effects, will permit to further explore the therapeutic potential of the Mediterranean diet in several pathological conditions.
水果和蔬菜是促进健康的生物活性化合物和营养药物的极好来源。经常食用水果和蔬菜有助于预防许多非传染性疾病的发生和发展。地中海饮食设想每天食用健康的蔬菜和水果，以获得最大的健康益处。传统用途设想以蔬菜和水果为基础的饮食，许多研究科学证明了地中海蔬菜和水果的有益作用。富含生物活性植物化学物质的柑橘、黄瓜和葡萄具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、心脏保护、抗衰老和抗癌特性。研究表明，摄入柑橘、黄瓜和葡萄可以降低高血压、高血脂、皮肤问题和感染，并改善心血管和神经系统的健康。这些有益的效果是由地中海饮食蔬菜和水果中存在的几种生物活性分子介导的，如柑橘、黄瓜和葡萄。事实上，它们含有类黄酮、异黄酮、单宁、多酚和许多有益的天然分子。这篇综述集中讨论了地中海饮食的组成部分——柑橘类水果、黄瓜和葡萄中的生物活性成分及其对健康的影响。深入了解地中海饮食的成分，以及临床试验测试有益天然分子的效果，将使我们能够进一步探索地中海饮食在多种病理情况下的治疗潜力。
