Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO - the Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel.
Institute of Soils, Water and Environmental Sciences, ARO - the Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel.
Microb Biotechnol. 2023 Aug;16(8):1629-1638. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.14203. Epub 2023 Jan 26.
The worldwide demand for reduced and restricted use of pesticides in agriculture due to serious environmental effects, health risks and the development of pathogen resistance calls for the discovery of new bioactive compounds. In the medical field, antibiotic-resistant microorganisms have become a major threat to man, increasing mortality. Endophytes are endosymbiotic microorganisms that inhabit plant tissues without causing any visible damage to their host. Many endophytes secrete secondary metabolites with biological activity against a broad range of pathogens, making them potential candidates for novel drugs and alternative pesticides of natural origin. We isolated endophytes from wild plants in Israel, focusing on endophytes that secrete secondary metabolites with biological activity. We isolated 302 different endophytes from 30 different wild plants; 70 of them exhibited biological activity against phytopathogens. One biologically active fungal endophyte from the genus Penicillium, isolated from a squill (Urginea maritima) leaf, was further examined. Chloroform-based extraction of its growth medium was similarly active against phytopathogens. High-performance liquid chromatography separation followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis revealed a single compound-mycophenolic acid-as the main contributor to the biological activity of the organic extract.
由于严重的环境影响、健康风险和病原体耐药性的发展，全球对农业中减少和限制使用农药的需求呼吁发现新的生物活性化合物。在医学领域，对抗生素耐药的微生物已成为人类的主要威胁，导致死亡率增加。内生菌是内共生微生物，栖息在植物组织中，不会对其宿主造成任何可见的损害。许多内生菌分泌具有广谱抗病原体生物活性的次生代谢物，使它们成为潜在的候选新药和天然来源的替代农药。我们从以色列的野生植物中分离出内生菌，重点关注分泌具有生物活性的次生代谢物的内生菌。我们从 30 种不同的野生植物中分离出 302 种不同的内生菌，其中 70 种对植物病原体表现出生物活性。从一种葱属（Urginea maritima）叶中分离出的一种具有生物活性的青霉属真菌内生菌，进一步进行了研究。其生长培养基的氯仿提取同样对植物病原体具有活性。高效液相色谱分离后气相色谱/质谱分析显示，一种化合物——麦角酚酸——是有机提取物生物活性的主要贡献者。
