轮状病毒腹泻的机构性暴发：污染物及环境表面作为病毒传播媒介的潜在作用
Institutional outbreaks of rotavirus diarrhoea: potential role of fomites and environmental surfaces as vehicles for virus transmission.
作者信息
Sattar S A, Lloyd-Evans N, Springthorpe V S, Nair R C
出版信息
J Hyg (Lond). 1986 Apr;96(2):277-89. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400066055.
Abstract
To assess the potential of fomites and environmental surfaces as vehicles in the transmission of rotaviral diarrhoea, disks (1 cm diameter) of various porous and non-porous materials were contaminated with about 10(5) plaque-forming units of the Wa strain of human rotavirus (HRV) suspended in faecal matter. The contaminated disks were then held for 10 days at either room temperature (22 +/- 2 degrees C) or 4 degrees C with the relative humidity (RH) at the high (85 +/- 5%), medium (50 +/- 5%) or low (25 +/- 5%) level. Survival was longer on non-porous surfaces at the lower temperature and at lower humidity. In contrast, survival on porous surfaces was very variable; better on cotton-polyester than on poster card or paper currency on which HRV survived very poorly. These results suggest that under the right environmental conditions, HRV-contaminated objects could play a role in the transmission of rotavirus infections in hospitals, nursing homes and day-care centres.
摘要
为评估污染物和环境表面作为轮状病毒性腹泻传播媒介的可能性，将各种多孔和无孔材料制成的直径1厘米的圆片，用悬浮在粪便中的约10⁵个噬斑形成单位的人轮状病毒（HRV）Wa株进行污染。然后将受污染的圆片在室温（22±2℃）或4℃下保存10天，相对湿度（RH）分别为高（85±5%）、中（50±5%）或低（25±5%）水平。在较低温度和较低湿度下，无孔表面上的病毒存活时间更长。相比之下，多孔表面上的病毒存活情况差异很大；在棉涤材料上比在海报卡片或纸币上存活得更好，而HRV在海报卡片或纸币上存活很差。这些结果表明，在合适的环境条件下，受HRV污染的物体可能在医院、养老院和日托中心的轮状病毒感染传播中起作用。
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