Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
Department of Medical Microbiology, University Malaya Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur 59100, Malaysia.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Apr 17;59(4):778. doi: 10.3390/medicina59040778.
Transdermal patches are a non-invasive method of drug administration. It is an adhesive patch designed to deliver a specific dose of medication through the skin and into the bloodstream throughout the body. Transdermal drug delivery has several advantages over other routes of administration, for instance, it is less invasive, patient-friendly, and has the ability to bypass first-pass metabolism and the destructive acidic environment of the stomach that occurs upon the oral ingestion of drugs. For decades, transdermal patches have attracted attention and were used to deliver drugs such as nicotine, fentanyl, nitroglycerin, and clonidine to treat various diseases or conditions. Recently, this method is also being explored as a means of delivering biologics in various applications. Here, we review the existing literatures on the design and usage of medical patches in transdermal drug delivery, with a focus on the recent advances in innovation and technology that led to the emergence of smart, dissolvable/biodegradable, and high-loading/release, as well as 3D-printed patches.
透皮贴剂是一种非侵入性的给药方法。它是一种粘性贴片，旨在通过皮肤将特定剂量的药物输送到全身的血液中。与其他给药途径相比，透皮药物输送具有几个优势，例如，它的侵入性较小、患者友好、能够绕过首过代谢和药物口服时发生的胃内酸性环境的破坏。几十年来，透皮贴剂一直受到关注，并被用于传递尼古丁、芬太尼、硝酸甘油和可乐定等药物，以治疗各种疾病或病症。最近，这种方法也被探索用于在各种应用中传递生物制剂。在这里，我们回顾了关于透皮药物输送中医疗贴剂设计和使用的现有文献，重点介绍了导致智能、可溶解/可生物降解、高载药量/释放量以及 3D 打印贴剂出现的创新和技术方面的最新进展。
