Oliveira Rafael, Morgans Ryland, Fernandes Renato, Brito João Paulo, Espada Mário C, Santos Fernando J
Santarém Polytechnic University, School of Sport, Rio Maior, Portugal.
Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), Santarém Polytechnic University, Rio Maior, Portugal.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 20;19(12):e0314076. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314076. eCollection 2024.
The study aim was to compare the external load during varying microcycles (M1-M4 during pre-season and M5 during the in-season) in elite female Portuguese soccer players and to describe external load variations between differing Ms. Fourteen first-team players participated in the study (age 23.29 ± 3.19 years, weight 59.14 ± 6.87 kg, height 1.66 ± 0.08 m). Load measures included total distance, high-speed running (HSR) distance (≥15 km/h), number of accelerations and decelerations [acceleration 1 (ACC1), >1-2 m/s; acceleration 2 (ACC2), >2-3 m/s; acceleration 3 (ACC3), >3-4 m/s; acceleration 4 (ACC4), >4 m/s] and decelerations [deceleration 1 (DEC1), <1-2 m/s; deceleration 2 (DEC2), <2-3 m/s; deceleration 3 (DEC3), <3-4 m/s; deceleration 4 (DEC4), <4 m/s]. M1 showed higher values of total distance, ACC1, ACC2, ACC3, DEC2, DEC3 and DEC4 than M2 (p = <0.001-0.04), although HSR was higher in M2 (p < 0.001). M2 showed lower values of HSR, ACC1, DEC1, DEC2, DEC3 than M3 (p = 0.001-0.04). M3 reported higher values of total distance, ACC1, ACC2, DEC1, DEC2 than M4 (p = <0.001-0.03), while M4 only found higher values of ACC4 and DEC4 than M5 (both, p = 0.01). The highest values occurred in M3 for the majority of external load metrics (except ACC3, ACC4, and DEC4 which were higher in M4). However, during the transition from M4 to M5, only ACC4 and DEC4 decreased with all other measures maintained, thus supporting the notion to maintain similar loading patterns during official competition.
本研究旨在比较葡萄牙精英女子足球运动员在不同微周期（赛季前的M1 - M4以及赛季中的M5）期间的外部负荷，并描述不同微周期之间的外部负荷变化。14名一线队员参与了该研究（年龄23.29±3.19岁，体重59.14±6.87千克，身高1.66±0.08米）。负荷测量指标包括总距离、高速奔跑（HSR）距离（≥15千米/小时）、加速和减速次数[加速度1（ACC1），>1 - 2米/秒；加速度2（ACC2），>2 - 3米/秒；加速度3（ACC3），>3 - 4米/秒；加速度4（ACC4），>4米/秒]以及减速[减速1（DEC1），<1 - 2米/秒；减速2（DEC2），<2 - 3米/秒；减速3（DEC3），<3 - 4米/秒；减速4（DEC4），<4米/秒]。M1的总距离、ACC1、ACC2、ACC3、DEC2、DEC3和DEC4值高于M2（p = <0.001 - 0.04），尽管M2的HSR更高（p < 0.001）。M2的HSR、ACC1、DEC1、DEC2、DEC3值低于M3（p = 0.001 - 0.04）。M3的总距离、ACC1、ACC2、DEC1、DEC2值高于M4（p = <0.001 - 0.03），而M4仅发现ACC4和DEC4值高于M5（两者，p = 0.01）。大多数外部负荷指标的最高值出现在M3（ACC3、ACC4和DEC4除外，它们在M4中更高）。然而，在从M4过渡到M5期间，只有ACC4和DEC4下降，其他所有指标保持不变，因此支持在正式比赛期间保持相似负荷模式的观点。
