Wells P W, Eyre P, Lumsden J H
Can J Comp Med. 1973 Apr;37(2):119-29.
Calves were sensitized to horse serum in Freund's complete adjuvant and were subjected to acute systemic anaphylactic shock. Increased packed cell volume and potassium ion concentration together with severe neutropenia were observed to accompany the systemic hypotension. The hemoconcentration and hyperkalemia were not inhibited by antihistaminic or antiserotonin drugs, but were strongly inhibited by pretreatment of the calves with sodium meclofenamate and by disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) given simultaneously with diethylcarbamazine (DECC). In contrast there was no measurable diminution of the leukopenia by any inhibitor drug tested. Pulmonary edema and congestion of the liver, intestine, spleen, and kidney accompanied anaphylaxis. Atelectasis and edema with thickening of alveolar septa, together with polymorphonuclear cell infiltration were recorded histologically in the lungs of calves subjected to anaphylaxis. Calves premedicated with sodium meclofenamate sustained slight pulmonary edema only, with no other obvious pathological changes. Pretreatment with DSGG and DECC reduced the edema, congestion, and histopathological damage, but offered less protection than sodium meclofenamate. Antihistaminic or antiserotonin drugs were ineffective in protecting against anaphylactic changes in calves.
将小牛用弗氏完全佐剂致敏于马血清，然后使其遭受急性全身性过敏休克。观察到在全身性低血压的同时伴有红细胞压积增加、钾离子浓度升高以及严重的中性粒细胞减少。血液浓缩和高钾血症不受抗组胺药或抗血清素药物的抑制，但在用甲氯芬那酸钠预处理小牛以及与乙胺嗪（DECC）同时给予色甘酸二钠（DSCG）时受到强烈抑制。相比之下，所测试的任何一种抑制剂药物都未使白细胞减少有可测量的减轻。肺水肿以及肝脏、肠道、脾脏和肾脏的充血伴随过敏反应出现。在遭受过敏反应的小牛肺部，组织学记录显示有肺不张、伴有肺泡间隔增厚的水肿以及多形核细胞浸润。预先用甲氯芬那酸钠给药的小牛仅出现轻微肺水肿，无其他明显病理变化。用DSGG和DECC预处理可减轻水肿、充血和组织病理学损伤，但提供的保护比甲氯芬那酸钠少。抗组胺药或抗血清素药物在保护小牛免受过敏反应变化方面无效。
