Wallis C, Melnick J L
Bull World Health Organ. 1967;36(2):219-25.
The authors describe a relatively simple membrane-adsorption method for the efficient concentration of viruses from sewage. Sewage, first freed of bacteria by filtration through membranes under conditions that permit virus to pass freely, is then treated with anion resins to remove organic components that adsorb to Millipore membranes and prevent virus adsorption. The salt concentration of the resin filtrates is increased with MgCl(2) to enhance virus adsorption to membranes. The sewage is next adsorbed to a Millipore membrane, from which virus is readily recovered by homogenization in small fluid volumes.The method was tested in Houston, Texas, for 7 months of 1966, during which period 2795 isolates were made from 10 concentrates of 1-US-gallon (3.78-litre) samples and only 4 from unconcentrated sewage. The isolates included types 2 and 3 poliovirus, 9 echovirus types and 2 coxsackieviruses.Examination of these type 2 poliovirus strains isolated over a 4-month period showed that 13 of 19 had d(+) markers (although none was T(+)), indicating either that the vaccine strain had reverted in the d marker, or that wild strains were circulating in the population in spite of the absence of clinical disease.
作者描述了一种相对简单的膜吸附方法，用于从污水中高效浓缩病毒。首先，通过在允许病毒自由通过的条件下用膜过滤使污水中的细菌去除，然后用阴离子树脂处理以去除吸附到微孔膜上并阻止病毒吸附的有机成分。用氯化镁提高树脂滤液的盐浓度，以增强病毒对膜的吸附。接下来，将污水吸附到微孔膜上，通过在少量液体中匀浆可轻松从膜上回收病毒。1966年，该方法在得克萨斯州休斯顿进行了7个月的测试，在此期间，从10份1美制加仑（3.78升）样品的浓缩物中分离出2795株病毒，而从未浓缩的污水中仅分离出4株。分离出的病毒包括2型和3型脊髓灰质炎病毒、9种埃可病毒型和2种柯萨奇病毒。对在4个月期间分离出的这些2型脊髓灰质炎病毒株进行检查发现，19株中有13株具有d(+)标记（尽管没有一株是T(+)），这表明要么疫苗株在d标记上发生了回复突变，要么尽管没有临床疾病，但野生株仍在人群中传播。
