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1
Sex-specific differences in mortality after high-titre measles immunization in rural Senegal.塞内加尔农村地区高滴度麻疹免疫接种后死亡率的性别差异
Bull World Health Organ. 1994;72(5):761-70.
2
A comparison of vaccine efficacy and mortality during routine use of high-titre Edmonston-Zagreb and Schwarz standard measles vaccines in rural Senegal.在塞内加尔农村地区常规使用高滴度埃德蒙斯顿-萨格勒布疫苗和施瓦茨标准麻疹疫苗期间的疫苗效力与死亡率比较。
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1996 May-Jun;90(3):326-30. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(96)90275-8.
3
The sequence of vaccinations and increased female mortality after high-titre measles vaccine: trials from rural Sudan and Kinshasa.高滴度麻疹疫苗接种顺序与女性死亡率上升：来自苏丹农村和金沙萨的试验
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4
Child mortality after high-titre measles vaccines: prospective study in Senegal.高滴度麻疹疫苗接种后的儿童死亡率：塞内加尔的前瞻性研究
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Five year follow-up of morbidity and mortality among recipients of high-titre measles vaccines in Senegal.塞内加尔高滴度麻疹疫苗接种者发病和死亡情况的五年随访
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Divergent mortality for male and female recipients of low-titer and high-titer measles vaccines in rural Senegal.塞内加尔农村地区低滴度和高滴度麻疹疫苗的男性和女性接种者的死亡率差异
Am J Epidemiol. 1993 Nov 1;138(9):746-55. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116912.
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Immunization of six-month-old infants with different doses of Edmonston-Zagreb and Schwarz measles vaccines.用不同剂量的埃德蒙斯顿- Zagreb株和施瓦茨株麻疹疫苗对6个月大的婴儿进行免疫接种。
N Engl J Med. 1990 Mar 1;322(9):580-7. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199003013220903.
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10
Measles antibody responses after early two dose trials in Guinea-Bissau with Edmonston-Zagreb and Schwarz standard-titre measles vaccine: better antibody increase from booster dose of the Edmonston-Zagreb vaccine.在几内亚比绍使用埃德蒙斯顿-萨格勒布和施瓦茨标准滴度麻疹疫苗进行早期两剂次试验后的麻疹抗体反应：埃德蒙斯顿-萨格勒布疫苗加强剂量后的抗体增加情况更好。
Vaccine. 2001 Feb 28;19(15-16):1951-9. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(00)00431-x.

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本文引用的文献

1
Long-term survival after Edmonston-Zagreb measles vaccination in Guinea-Bissau: increased female mortality rate.几内亚比绍接种埃德蒙斯顿-萨格勒布麻疹疫苗后的长期生存情况：女性死亡率上升
J Pediatr. 1993 Jun;122(6):904-8. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(09)90015-4.
2
Protective efficacy of high-titre measles vaccines administered from the age of five months: a community study in rural Senegal.五个月起接种的高滴度麻疹疫苗的保护效力：塞内加尔农村地区的一项社区研究
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1993 Nov-Dec;87(6):697-701. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(93)90301-6.
3
Divergent mortality for male and female recipients of low-titer and high-titer measles vaccines in rural Senegal.塞内加尔农村地区低滴度和高滴度麻疹疫苗的男性和女性接种者的死亡率差异
Am J Epidemiol. 1993 Nov 1;138(9):746-55. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116912.
4
Age-specific occurrence rates of measles in urban, peri-urban, and rural environments: implications for time of vaccination.城市、城郊和农村环境中麻疹的年龄特异性发病率：对疫苗接种时间的影响
Lancet. 1983 Aug 6;2(8345):324-6. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(83)90299-4.
5
High measles mortality in infancy related to intensity of exposure.婴儿期麻疹死亡率高与接触强度有关。
J Pediatr. 1986 Jul;109(1):40-4. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(86)80569-8.
6
Measles control efforts in urban Africa complicated by high incidence of measles in the first year of life.非洲城市地区的麻疹控制工作因一岁以内婴儿麻疹高发而变得复杂。
Am J Epidemiol. 1988 Apr;127(4):788-94. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114860.
7
The epidemiology of measles in a partially vaccinated population in an African city: implications for immunization programs.非洲某城市部分接种疫苗人群中的麻疹流行病学：对免疫规划的启示
Am J Epidemiol. 1988 Jan;127(1):171-8. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114778.
8
Trial of high-dose Edmonston-Zagreb measles vaccine in the Gambia: antibody response and side-effects.冈比亚高剂量埃德蒙斯顿-萨格勒布麻疹疫苗试验：抗体反应和副作用
Lancet. 1988 Oct 8;2(8615):811-4. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(88)92781-x.
9
Measles immunization research: a review.麻疹免疫研究综述
Bull World Health Organ. 1989;67(4):443-8.
10
Serological effects of Edmonston-Zagreb, Schwarz, and AIK-C measles vaccine strains given at ages 4-5 or 8-10 months.4至5个月龄或8至10个月龄时接种的埃德蒙斯顿-萨格勒布、施瓦茨和AIK-C麻疹疫苗株的血清学效应。
Lancet. 1989 Dec 9;2(8676):1357-60. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91967-3.

塞内加尔农村地区高滴度麻疹免疫接种后死亡率的性别差异

Sex-specific differences in mortality after high-titre measles immunization in rural Senegal.

作者信息

Aaby P, Samb B, Simondon F, Knudsen K, Seck A M, Bennett J, Markowitz L, Rhodes P, Whittle H

机构信息

ORSTOM, Dakar, Senegal.

出版信息

Bull World Health Organ. 1994;72(5):761-70.

PMID:7955026
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2486568/
Abstract

Administration of high-titre measles vaccine (Edmonston-Zagreb (EZ) at > 10(5) plaque-forming units (PFU) per dose) before the age of 9 months has been recommended in areas with high measles mortality before the routine age of immunization after 9 months. The study compares the long-term survival after high-titre measles immunization at 5 months of age with that following routine immunization with standard-titre vaccine at 10 months of age. At 5 months of age the high-titre group received Edmonston-Zagreb (EZ-HT, 5 months) or Schwarz (SW-HT, 5 months) at titres > 10(5) PFU per dose, while the standard-titre group received placebo at 5 months of age and < 10(4) PFU per dose of Schwarz vaccine at 10 months (SW-std, 10 months). All the children were followed up to at least 36 months of age. The mortality ratio (MR) for infants in the EZ-HT, 5 months and SW-HT, 5 months groups was 1.32 (P = 0.089) and 1.45 (P = 0.092), respectively, which did not differ significantly from that of recipients of the SW-std, 10 months. The higher MR among recipients of the high-titre vaccines was due to the significantly lower survival among females compared with the females who received SW-std vaccine (EZ-HT, 5 months MR = 1.76, P = 0.013; SW-HT, 5 months MR = 2.14, P = 0.017). For children aged 5-10 months the high-titre measles vaccine did not increase mortality relative to unvaccinated children who had received placebo.

摘要

在9个月常规免疫年龄之前麻疹死亡率较高的地区，建议在9个月龄前接种高滴度麻疹疫苗（埃德蒙斯顿-萨格勒布（EZ），每剂>10⁵蚀斑形成单位（PFU））。本研究比较了5月龄接种高滴度麻疹疫苗后的长期生存率与10月龄接种标准滴度疫苗进行常规免疫后的长期生存率。5月龄时，高滴度组接种每剂>10⁵ PFU的埃德蒙斯顿-萨格勒布疫苗（EZ-HT，5月龄）或施瓦茨疫苗（SW-HT，5月龄），而标准滴度组在5月龄时接种安慰剂，10月龄时接种每剂<10⁴ PFU的施瓦茨疫苗（SW-std，10月龄）。所有儿童均随访至至少36月龄。EZ-HT 5月龄组和SW-HT 5月龄组婴儿的死亡率比（MR）分别为1.32（P = 0.089）和1.45（P = 0.092），与SW-std 10月龄组相比无显著差异。高滴度疫苗接种者中较高的MR是由于与接种SW-std疫苗的女性相比，女性的生存率显著较低（EZ-HT 5月龄组MR = 1.76，P = 0.013；SW-HT 5月龄组MR = 2.14，P = 0.017）。对于5 - 10月龄的儿童，高滴度麻疹疫苗相对于接种安慰剂的未接种儿童并未增加死亡率。