Charlop-Christy M H, Haymes L K
Department of Psychology, Claremont McKenna College, California 91711, USA.
J Autism Dev Disord. 1996 Oct;26(5):527-46. doi: 10.1007/BF02172274.
We assessed the effectiveness of using the obsessions of children with autism to reduce their inappropriate behaviors. Baseline consisted of a traditional differential reinforcement of other behaviors (DRO) in which food reinforcers were provided contingent upon a period of nonoccurrence of the inappropriate behaviors. Then, three treatment conditions were assessed using a multielement design. One condition provided objects of obsession as reinforcers for periods of nonoccurrence of the inappropriate behaviors. A second condition also provided the obsessions as reinforcers, but in conjunction with mild reductive procedures (verbal "no", time-out). A final condition used the food reinforcers of baseline, but with mild reductive procedures. Results indicated that all three treatment conditions were more effective than the traditional food DRO of baseline. The most effective condition was the obsessions plus mild reductive procedures. Results are discussed in terms of recommendations for effective treatment planning.
我们评估了利用自闭症儿童的强迫观念来减少其不当行为的有效性。基线期采用传统的其他行为区别性强化（DRO），即当不当行为在一段时间内未出现时提供食物强化物。然后，使用多因素设计评估了三种治疗条件。一种条件是在不当行为未出现的时间段提供强迫观念物品作为强化物。第二种条件同样提供强迫观念作为强化物，但同时结合温和的减少行为程序（口头“不”、暂停）。最后一种条件使用基线期的食物强化物，但也结合温和的减少行为程序。结果表明，所有三种治疗条件都比基线期传统的食物DRO更有效。最有效的条件是强迫观念加上温和的减少行为程序。根据有效治疗计划的建议对结果进行了讨论。
