Dencker Magnus, Thorsson Ola, Karlsson Magnus K, Lindén Christian, Eiberg Stig, Wollmer Per, Andersen Lars Bo
Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine Unit, Lund University, University Hospital MAS, 205 02, Malmo, Sweden.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2007 Jan;99(1):19-26. doi: 10.1007/s00421-006-0310-x. Epub 2006 Oct 6.
Previous studies of gender differences in maximum oxygen uptake have come to different conclusions. Limited data exists where the determinants of maximum oxygen uptake have been evaluated in a comprehensive manner. Thus, we examined 248 children (140 boys and 108 girls), aged 7.9-11.1 years. Body composition was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, measured variables were total body fat (TBF) and lean body mass (LBM). Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2peak) was measured by indirect calorimetry during a maximal cycle exercise test. Daily physical activity was assessed by accelerometers and duration of vigorous activity per day (VPA) was calculated. Left ventricular inner diastolic diameter (LVDD) was measured by echocardiography. Lung function was evaluated with spirometric testing and whole body plethysmography. Boys had between 8 and 18% higher values than girls for VO2peak, dependent upon whether VO2peak was expressed in absolute values or scaled to body mass, LBM or if allometric scaling was used. In multiple regression analysis absolute values of aerobic fitness were independently related to LBM, maximal heart rate (Max HR), gender, LVDD, and VPA. Furthermore, when VO2peak was scaled to body mass it was independently related to ln TBF, Max HR, gender, VPA, and LVDD. Lung function had no relation to VO2peak. Our study concludes that body composition is the main predictor for VO2peak, in children aged 8-11 years, whereas VPA or LVDD has only a modest impact. Existing gender differences in VO2peak cannot be explained only by differences in body composition, physical activity, or heart size.
先前关于最大摄氧量性别差异的研究得出了不同的结论。在全面评估最大摄氧量决定因素方面的数据有限。因此，我们对248名年龄在7.9至11.1岁之间的儿童（140名男孩和108名女孩）进行了研究。通过双能X线吸收法测定身体成分，测量变量为全身脂肪（TBF）和瘦体重（LBM）。在最大强度的自行车运动测试中，通过间接测热法测量最大摄氧量（VO2peak）。通过加速度计评估日常身体活动，并计算每天剧烈活动的持续时间（VPA）。通过超声心动图测量左心室内径（LVDD）。通过肺活量测试和全身体积描记法评估肺功能。男孩的VO2peak值比女孩高8%至18%，这取决于VO2peak是以绝对值表示，还是按体重、瘦体重进行缩放，或者是否使用了异速生长缩放法。在多元回归分析中，有氧适能的绝对值与瘦体重、最大心率（Max HR）、性别、左心室内径和剧烈活动持续时间独立相关。此外，当VO2peak按体重进行缩放时，它与ln TBF、最大心率、性别、剧烈活动持续时间和左心室内径独立相关。肺功能与VO2peak无关。我们的研究得出结论，身体成分是8至11岁儿童VO2peak的主要预测因素，而剧烈活动持续时间或左心室内径的影响较小。现有的VO2peak性别差异不能仅通过身体成分、身体活动或心脏大小的差异来解释。
