Galabov Angel S
The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia, Bulgaria.
GMS Krankenhhyg Interdiszip. 2007 Sep 13;2(1):Doc18.
Virucidal agents are chemical substances that attack and inactivate viral particles outside the cell (virions). In general this is accomplished by damaging their protein shells (capsid) or the substance penetrates the core itself, where it destroys the genetic material. Damage to the virion structure is also possible. These agents are used not only for traditional surface disinfection or sterilization of blood, blood products, and other medicinal products as well as in antiviral chemotherapy. They have also been used in recent times for inactivation of viruses in foodstuffs, detergents or cosmetics. Below is given an overview of the data currently available on the performance of these substances when used for the latter applications (cleaning and cosmetics). These include:hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorites, cupric and ferric ions, per-acidsethanol, parachlorometaxylenol in a sodium C14-16 olefin sulfonate, glutaraldehyde, quaternary ammonium salts, chlorhexidine and chlorhexidine gluconate, curdline sulphate, glycerol, lipids, azodicarbonamide, cicloxolone sodium, dichlorisocyanuric acid (sodium salt), benzalkonium salts, disulfate benzamides and benzisothiazolones, congo red, ascorbic acid, nonoxynol-9, para-aminobenzoic acid, bis(monosuccinamide) derivative of p,p'-bis(2-aminoethyl) diphenlyi-C60) (fullerene).merocyanine, benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring A, rose bengal, hypericin, hypocrellin A, anthraquinones extracted from plants, sulfonated anthraquinones and other anthraquinone derivativesGRAMICIDINE, GOSSYPOL, GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM) EXTRACT AND ITS COMPONENTS: ajoene, diallyl thiosulfinate (allicin), allyl methyl thioulfinate, methyl allyl thiosulfinate, extracts of ledium, motherworth, celandine, black currant, coaberry and bilberry, extract of Cordia salicifolia, steam distillate from Houttuynia cordata (Saururaceae) and its component, 5,6,7-trimethoxyflavone from Calicarpa japonica, isoscullarein (5,7,8,4'-tetrahydroxyflavone) from Scutellaria baikalensis and isoscutellarein-8-methylether, alkaloids and phytosteryl ester compounds.
杀病毒剂是一类能攻击并使细胞外病毒颗粒（病毒体）失活的化学物质。一般来说，这是通过破坏病毒的蛋白质外壳（衣壳）来实现的，或者该物质穿透病毒核心本身，在那里破坏其遗传物质。对病毒体结构造成破坏也是可能的。这些药剂不仅用于传统的表面消毒或对血液、血液制品及其他医药产品进行灭菌，还用于抗病毒化疗。近年来，它们也被用于使食品、洗涤剂或化妆品中的病毒失活。以下是目前有关这些物质用于后一类应用（清洁和化妆品）时性能的现有数据概述。这些物质包括：过氧化氢、次氯酸盐、铜离子和铁离子、过酸、乙醇、对氯间二甲苯酚与C14 - 16烯烃磺酸钠、戊二醛、季铵盐、洗必泰及葡萄糖酸洗必泰、硫酸凝乳酶、甘油、脂质、偶氮二甲酰胺、环氯磺隆钠、二氯异氰尿酸（钠盐）、苯扎氯铵、二硫酸苯甲酰胺和苯并异噻唑啉酮、刚果红、抗坏血酸、壬苯醇醚 - 9、对氨基苯甲酸、对，对'-双（2 - 氨基乙基）二苯基 - C60（富勒烯）的双（单琥珀酰胺）衍生物、部花青、苯并卟啉衍生物单酸环A、孟加拉玫瑰红、金丝桃素、竹红菌素A、从植物中提取的蒽醌、磺化蒽醌及其他蒽醌衍生物、短杆菌肽、棉酚、大蒜（蒜）提取物及其成分：阿霍烯、二烯丙基硫代亚磺酸盐（大蒜素）、烯丙基甲基硫代亚磺酸盐、甲基烯丙基硫代亚磺酸盐、独行菜提取物、益母草提取物、白屈菜提取物、黑加仑提取物、越橘提取物、欧洲越橘提取物、阔叶破布木提取物、蕺菜（三白草科）水蒸气蒸馏物及其成分、紫珠叶中的5,6,7 - 三甲氧基黄酮、黄芩中的异黄芩素（5,7,8,4'-四羟基黄酮）及异黄芩素 - 8 - 甲醚、生物碱和植物甾醇酯化合物。
