University of Bielefeld, Department of Epidemiology & International Public Health, School of Public Health, P,O, Box 10 01 31, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany.
Int J Equity Health. 2010 Jun 11;9:15. doi: 10.1186/1475-9276-9-15.
It can be assumed that resettlers (ethnic German immigrants from the Former Soviet Union) show similar smoking patterns as persons in their countries of origin at the time of migration. We analysed how the smoking prevalence among resettlers differs from that among the general population of Germany and whether the prevalence differs between groups with increasing duration of stay.
To estimate the smoking prevalence we used the scientific-use-file (n = 477,239) of the German 2005 microcensus, an annual census representing 1% of all German households. Participation in the microcensus is obligatory (unit-nonresponse <7%). We stratified the prevalence of smoking among resettlers and the comparison group (population of Germany without resettlers) by age, sex, educational level and duration of stay. In total, 14,373 (3% of the total) persons were identified as resettlers.
Female resettlers with short duration of stay had a significantly lower smoking prevalence than women in the comparison group. With increasing duration of stay their smoking prevalence appears to converge to that of the comparison group (e.g.: high educational level, age group 25-44 years: short duration of stay 15%, long duration of stay 24%, comparison group 28%). In contrast, the smoking prevalence among male resettlers with short duration of stay was significantly higher than that among men in the comparison group, but also with a trend towards converging (e.g.: high educational level, age group 25-44 years: short duration of stay 44%, long duration of stay 35%, comparison group 36%). Except for female resettlers with short duration of stay, the participants with low educational level had on average a higher smoking prevalence than those with a high educational level.
This is the first study estimating the smoking prevalence among resettlers by duration of stay. The results support the hypothesis that resettlers brought different smoking habits from their countries of origin shortly after migration. The observed convergence of the smoking habits with increasing duration of stay is in line with the hypothesis of migration as 'health transition'. However, due to the cross-sectional design of the study, further research is needed to confirm these findings.
可以假设，重新定居者（前苏联的德国裔移民）在移民时表现出与原籍国人口相似的吸烟模式。我们分析了重新定居者的吸烟率与德国总人口的吸烟率有何不同，以及随着居住时间的增加，这种吸烟率在不同群体之间是否存在差异。
为了估计吸烟率，我们使用了德国 2005 年微观普查的科学使用文件（n=477239），这是一项代表所有德国家庭 1%的年度普查。参与微观普查是强制性的（单位无应答率<7%）。我们按年龄、性别、教育程度和居住时间对重新定居者和对照组（无重新定居者的德国人口）的吸烟率进行分层。共有 14373 人（占总数的 3%）被确定为重新定居者。
居住时间短的女性重新定居者的吸烟率明显低于对照组女性。随着居住时间的增加，她们的吸烟率似乎趋同于对照组（例如：高教育水平，25-44 岁年龄组：居住时间短 15%，居住时间长 24%，对照组 28%）。相比之下，居住时间短的男性重新定居者的吸烟率明显高于对照组男性，但也有趋同的趋势（例如：高教育水平，25-44 岁年龄组：居住时间短 44%，居住时间长 35%，对照组 36%）。除了居住时间短的女性重新定居者外，教育程度低的参与者的吸烟率平均高于教育程度高的参与者。
这是第一项按居住时间估计重新定居者吸烟率的研究。结果支持这样一种假设，即重新定居者在移民后不久就从原籍国带来了不同的吸烟习惯。随着居住时间的增加，吸烟习惯的趋同与移民作为“健康转型”的假设是一致的。然而，由于研究的横断面设计，需要进一步的研究来证实这些发现。
