Vanfossen Beth, Brown C Hendricks, Kellam Sheppard, Sokoloff Natalie, Doering Susan
Towson University.
J Community Psychol. 2010 Mar 1;38(3):329-349. doi: 10.1002/jcop.20367.
We examine the roles of neighborhood characteristics in the development of the aggressive behavior of 1,409 urban boys and girls between the first and seventh grades. The multilevel, longitudinal growth analyses find strong neighborhood effects in all models, while controlling for individual-level variables. Results indicated that the effects of neighborhood violence, employment, income, and percentages of single males and female-headed households do not manifest in first grade, but affect the trajectory of child aggression between first and seventh grades. The influence of family income and frequent physical discipline on boys' and girls' aggression occurs at first grade, and family income has a modest effect on the trajectory. The findings strongly suggest that the neighborhood sources of the development of child aggression are independent and different from early childhood experiences.
我们研究了邻里特征在1409名城市男女儿童从一年级到七年级攻击性行为发展过程中的作用。多层次纵向增长分析发现，在控制个体层面变量的情况下，所有模型中邻里效应都很显著。结果表明，邻里暴力、就业、收入以及单身男性和女户主家庭的比例在一年级时并未显现出影响，但会影响儿童在一年级到七年级期间攻击行为的发展轨迹。家庭收入和频繁的体罚对男孩和女孩攻击行为的影响在一年级时就已出现，并且家庭收入对发展轨迹有一定影响。研究结果有力地表明，儿童攻击行为发展的邻里因素是独立的，且与幼儿期经历不同。
