Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program, Pennsylvania Department of Health, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2011 Jan 1;52 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S154-60. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciq058.
In May 2009, one of the earliest outbreaks of 2009 pandemic influenza A virus (pH1N1) infection resulted in the closure of a semi-rural Pennsylvania elementary school. Two sequential telephone surveys were administered to 1345 students (85% of the students enrolled in the school) and household members in 313 households to collect data on influenza-like illness (ILI). A total of 167 persons (12.4%) among those in the surveyed households, including 93 (24.0%) of the School A students, reported ILI. Students were 3.1 times more likely than were other household members to develop ILI (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3-4.1). Fourth-grade students were more likely to be affected than were students in other grades (relative risk, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2-3.9). pH1N1 was confirmed in 26 (72.2%) of the individuals tested by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The outbreak did not resume upon the reopening of the school after the 7-day closure. This investigation found that pH1N1 outbreaks at schools can have substantial attack rates; however, grades and classrooms are affected variably. Additional study is warranted to determine the effectiveness of school closure during outbreaks.
2009 年 5 月，宾夕法尼亚州一所半农村小学因甲型 H1N1 流感病毒（pH1N1）的最早爆发之一而关闭。对 313 户家庭中的 1345 名学生（在校学生的 85%）及其家庭成员进行了两次连续的电话调查，以收集流感样疾病（ILI）的数据。在所调查的家庭中，共有 167 人（12.4%）报告有 ILI，包括 93 名（24.0%）A 校学生。学生比其他家庭成员患 ILI 的可能性高 3.1 倍（95%置信区间[CI]，2.3-4.1）。四年级学生比其他年级的学生更容易受到影响（相对风险，2.2；95%CI，1.2-3.9）。通过实时逆转录聚合酶链反应检测，26 名（72.2%）受检者确认感染了 pH1N1。在为期 7 天的关闭后学校重新开学，疫情并未再次爆发。这项调查发现，学校的 pH1N1 爆发可能会有很高的发病率；然而，不同年级和班级受到的影响不同。需要进一步研究来确定在疫情爆发期间关闭学校的效果。
