Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
Eur J Nutr. 2012 Jun;51(4):497-506. doi: 10.1007/s00394-011-0235-y. Epub 2011 Aug 27.
Recent epidemiological studies have shown that habitual consumption of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), the characteristic culinary fat of the Mediterranean area, is effective in the prevention of diverse types of digestive disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. Many of these benefits are, in addition to its high proportion of oleic acid, due to the high content of phenolic compounds.
Six-week-old mice were randomized into three dietary groups: standard, EVOO and hydroxytyrosol-enriched EVOO. After 30 days, mice that were exposed to 3% DSS for 5 days developed acute colitis that progressed to severe chronic inflammation during a regime of 21 days of water.
Diets enriched with EVOO significantly attenuated the clinical and histological signs of damage, improving results from disease activity index and reducing about 50% the mortality caused by DSS. Moreover, hydroxytyrosol supplement showed better results. Cytokines study showed that TNF-α was maintained near to sham control and IL-10 levels were significantly improved in EVOO and EVOO plus hydroxytyrosol diet-DSS groups. In the same way, COX-2 and iNOS were downregulated, and the activation of p38 MAPK was reduced. We also observed a higher significant reduction in iNOS in hydroxytyrosol-enriched EVOO compared with EVOO alone.
EVOO diets exerted a noteworthy beneficial effect in chronic DSS-induced colitis by cytokine modulation and COX-2 and iNOS reduction via downregulation of p38 MAPK. In addition to the beneficial effect by EVOO, supplementation of the diet with hydroxytyrosol may improve chronic colitis through iNOS downregulation plus its antioxidant capacity.
最近的流行病学研究表明，习惯性食用特级初榨橄榄油（EVOO），这种地中海地区特有的烹饪脂肪，可有效预防多种类型的消化疾病，如炎症性肠病。除了油酸含量高外，其中许多益处还归因于高含量的酚类化合物。
将 6 周龄的小鼠随机分为三组饮食：标准饮食、EVOO 饮食和富含羟基酪醇的 EVOO 饮食。30 天后，暴露于 3% DSS 5 天的小鼠会发展为急性结肠炎，并在 21 天的水疗期间发展为严重的慢性炎症。
富含 EVOO 的饮食可显著减轻临床和组织学损伤的迹象，改善疾病活动指数的结果，并将 DSS 引起的死亡率降低约 50%。此外，羟基酪醇的补充效果更好。细胞因子研究表明，TNF-α 维持在假手术对照附近，IL-10 水平在 EVOO 和 EVOO 加羟基酪醇饮食-DSS 组中显著提高。同样，COX-2 和 iNOS 下调，p38 MAPK 的激活减少。我们还观察到，与单独使用 EVOO 相比，富含羟基酪醇的 EVOO 可使 iNOS 显著降低。
EVOO 饮食通过细胞因子调节以及通过下调 p38 MAPK 减少 COX-2 和 iNOS 来发挥对慢性 DSS 诱导结肠炎的显著有益作用。除了 EVOO 的有益作用外，饮食中补充羟基酪醇可能通过下调 iNOS 及其抗氧化能力来改善慢性结肠炎。
