NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2012 Oct;23(10):2563-73. doi: 10.1007/s10856-012-4716-1. Epub 2012 Jul 17.
This paper describes in vitro cytotoxicity of bismuth nanoparticles revealed by three complementary assays (MTT, G6PD, and calcein AM/EthD-1). The results show that bismuth nanoparticles are more toxic than most previously reported bismuth compounds. Concentration dependent cytotoxicities have been observed for bismuth nanoparticles and surface modified bismuth nanoparticles. The bismuth nanoparticles are non-toxic at concentration of 0.5 nM. Nanoparticles at high concentration (50 nM) kill 45, 52, 41, 34 % HeLa cells for bare nanoparticles, amine terminated bismuth nanoparticles, silica coated bismuth nanoparticles, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified bismuth nanoparticles, respectively; which indicates cytotoxicity in terms of cell viability is in the descending order of amine terminated bismuth nanoparticles, bare bismuth nanoparticles, silica coated bismuth nanoparticles, and PEG modified bismuth nanoparticles. HeLa cells are more susceptible to toxicity from bismuth nanoparticles than MG-63 cells. The simultaneous use of three toxicity assays provides information on how nanoparticles interact with cells. Silica coated bismuth nanoparticles can damage cellular membrane yet keep mitochondria less influenced; while amine terminated bismuth nanoparticles can affect the metabolic functions of cells. The findings have important implications for caution of nanoparticle exposure and evaluating toxicity of bismuth nanoparticles.
本文描述了三种互补检测方法（MTT、G6PD 和 calcein AM/EthD-1）揭示的铋纳米粒子的体外细胞毒性。结果表明，铋纳米粒子比以前报道的大多数铋化合物毒性更大。已经观察到铋纳米粒子和表面修饰的铋纳米粒子的浓度依赖性细胞毒性。铋纳米粒子在浓度为 0.5 nM 时无毒。在高浓度（50 nM）下，裸露的铋纳米粒子、胺封端的铋纳米粒子、硅涂层的铋纳米粒子和聚乙二醇（PEG）修饰的铋纳米粒子分别杀死 45、52、41 和 34%的 HeLa 细胞；这表明细胞活力方面的细胞毒性按胺封端的铋纳米粒子、裸露的铋纳米粒子、硅涂层的铋纳米粒子和 PEG 修饰的铋纳米粒子的顺序降低。HeLa 细胞比 MG-63 细胞更容易受到铋纳米粒子的毒性影响。三种毒性检测方法的同时使用提供了有关纳米粒子与细胞相互作用的信息。硅涂层的铋纳米粒子可以破坏细胞膜，但对线粒体的影响较小；而胺封端的铋纳米粒子可以影响细胞的代谢功能。这些发现对纳米粒子暴露的谨慎性和评价铋纳米粒子的毒性具有重要意义。
