暂息：照顾者对家庭暂息的体验和看法。
Respite: carers' experiences and perceptions of respite at home.
机构信息
Faculty of Health and Social Care Sciences, St George's University of London and Kingston University, London, UK.
出版信息
BMC Geriatr. 2012 Aug 3;12:42. doi: 10.1186/1471-2318-12-42.
BACKGROUND
Informal carers play an important role in supporting people with long-term conditions living at home. However, the caring role is known to have adverse effects on carers such as poorer emotional health and social isolation. A variety of types of respite may be offered to carers but little is known about the benefits of respite, carers' experiences with it, or their perceptions of care workers. This study therefore investigated these experiences and perceptions.
METHOD
Recorded, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with twelve carers receiving weekly four-hourly respite. Carers were either caring for a person over sixty or were over sixty themselves. Interviews were analysed thematically.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Respite sometimes alleviated carers' constant sense of responsibility for their cared for. Trust, whether in the service provider or individual care workers, was essential. Carers lacking this trust tended to perceive respite as less beneficial. Low expectations were common with carers often unwilling to find fault. Care workers were frequently seen as very kind with some carers valuing their company. Care workers who were flexible, communicated well and responded to the cared for's needs were valued. Stimulation of the cared for during respite was very important to most carers but the perceived benefits for carers were often very individual. Many carers used respite to catch up with routine, domestic tasks, rarely using it to socialise.
CONCLUSIONS
For many carers, respite was a way of maintaining normality in often difficult, restricted lives. Respite allowed continuation of what most people take for granted. Carers frequently viewed respite as intended to improve their cared for's quality of life, rather than their own. This centrality of the cared for means that carers can only really benefit from respite if the cared for is happy and also seen to benefit. Future research should investigate the perspectives of carers and their cared for, focussing on different demographic groups by features such as age, gender, ethnicity and diagnostic groups. However, without greater clarity about what respite is intended to achieve, clear evidence of a positive impact of this intervention may remain difficult to identify.
背景
在支持长期居家生活的人群方面，非正式照顾者发挥着重要作用。然而，众所周知，照顾角色对照顾者有不利影响，例如情绪健康状况较差和社会孤立。可能会为照顾者提供各种类型的临时照料，但对临时照料的益处、照顾者的体验或他们对护理人员的看法知之甚少。因此，本研究调查了这些体验和看法。
方法
对 12 名接受每周 4 小时临时照料的照顾者进行了记录的半结构化访谈。这些照顾者要么正在照顾 60 岁以上的人，要么自己已经 60 岁以上。对访谈进行了主题分析。
结果与讨论
临时照料有时减轻了照顾者对照顾对象的持续责任感。信任，无论是对服务提供商还是对个别护理人员的信任，都是必不可少的。缺乏这种信任的照顾者往往认为临时照料的好处较小。照顾者的期望通常较低，他们往往不愿意挑剔。护理人员通常被视为非常友善，有些照顾者看重他们的陪伴。灵活、善于沟通并能满足被照顾者需求的护理人员受到重视。在临时照料期间对被照顾者进行刺激对大多数照顾者来说非常重要，但照顾者对临时照料的好处往往非常个人化。许多照顾者利用临时照料来完成日常家务，很少利用临时照料来社交。
结论
对许多照顾者来说，临时照料是在通常困难和受限制的生活中维持正常状态的一种方式。临时照料允许人们继续做大多数人认为理所当然的事情。照顾者经常将临时照料视为旨在提高他们所照顾的人的生活质量，而不是他们自己的生活质量。被照顾者的这种核心地位意味着，只有当被照顾者感到快乐并被认为受益时，照顾者才能真正从临时照料中受益。未来的研究应该调查照顾者及其被照顾者的观点，重点关注不同的人口群体，如年龄、性别、种族和诊断群体。然而，如果对临时照料的目的没有更明确的认识，可能仍然难以确定这种干预措施的积极影响的明确证据。
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