Eldar Eran, Rutledge Robb B, Dolan Raymond J, Niv Yael
Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London WC1B 5EH, UK.
Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London WC1B 5EH, UK.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2016 Jan;20(1):15-24. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2015.07.010. Epub 2015 Nov 3.
Experiences affect mood, which in turn affects subsequent experiences. Recent studies suggest two specific principles. First, mood depends on how recent reward outcomes differ from expectations. Second, mood biases the way we perceive outcomes (e.g., rewards), and this bias affects learning about those outcomes. We propose that this two-way interaction serves to mitigate inefficiencies in the application of reinforcement learning to real-world problems. Specifically, we propose that mood represents the overall momentum of recent outcomes, and its biasing influence on the perception of outcomes 'corrects' learning to account for environmental dependencies. We describe potential dysfunctions of this adaptive mechanism that might contribute to the symptoms of mood disorders.
经历会影响情绪，而情绪反过来又会影响后续的经历。最近的研究提出了两条具体原则。第一，情绪取决于近期奖励结果与预期的差异程度。第二，情绪会使我们对结果（如奖励）的感知方式产生偏差，而这种偏差会影响对这些结果的学习。我们认为，这种双向互动有助于减轻强化学习在应用于现实世界问题时的低效性。具体而言，我们认为情绪代表了近期结果的总体趋势，其对结果感知的偏差性影响会 “校正” 学习，以考虑环境依赖性。我们描述了这种适应性机制可能出现的功能失调，这些功能失调可能导致情绪障碍的症状。
