Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 53 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
Nat Nanotechnol. 2016 Mar;11(3):231-41. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2016.18.
Antiferromagnetic materials are internally magnetic, but the direction of their ordered microscopic moments alternates between individual atomic sites. The resulting zero net magnetic moment makes magnetism in antiferromagnets externally invisible. This implies that information stored in antiferromagnetic moments would be invisible to common magnetic probes, insensitive to disturbing magnetic fields, and the antiferromagnetic element would not magnetically affect its neighbours, regardless of how densely the elements are arranged in the device. The intrinsic high frequencies of antiferromagnetic dynamics represent another property that makes antiferromagnets distinct from ferromagnets. Among the outstanding questions is how to manipulate and detect the magnetic state of an antiferromagnet efficiently. In this Review we focus on recent works that have addressed this question. The field of antiferromagnetic spintronics can also be viewed from the general perspectives of spin transport, magnetic textures and dynamics, and materials research. We briefly mention this broader context, together with an outlook of future research and applications of antiferromagnetic spintronics.
反铁磁材料在内部是磁性的，但它们有序的微观磁矩在各个原子位置之间交替。由此产生的零净磁矩使得反铁磁体中的磁看不见。这意味着储存在反铁磁矩中的信息对常见的磁探针是不可见的，对干扰磁场不敏感，并且反铁磁元件不会对其邻居产生磁性影响，无论元件在设备中排列得多密集。反铁磁动力学的固有高频是使反铁磁体与铁磁体区别开来的另一个特性。其中一个悬而未决的问题是如何有效地操纵和检测反铁磁体的磁状态。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了最近解决这个问题的工作。反铁磁自旋电子学领域也可以从自旋输运、磁织构和动力学以及材料研究的一般角度来看待。我们简要地提到了更广泛的背景，以及反铁磁自旋电子学未来的研究和应用前景。
