跨语言激活在言语规划过程中开始，并延伸至第二语言言语。
Cross-Language Activation Begins During Speech Planning and Extends Into Second Language Speech.
作者信息
Jacobs April, Fricke Melinda, Kroll Judith F
机构信息
Ithaca College.
Pennsylvania State University.
出版信息
Lang Learn. 2016 Spring;66(2):324-353. doi: 10.1111/lang.12148. Epub 2015 Oct 8.
Abstract
Three groups of native English speakers named words aloud in Spanish, their second language (L2). Intermediate proficiency learners in a classroom setting (Experiment 1) and in a domestic immersion program (Experiment 2) were compared to a group of highly proficient English-Spanish speakers. All three groups named cognate words more quickly and accurately than matched noncognates, indicating that all speakers experienced cross-language activation during speech planning. However, only the classroom learners exhibited effects of cross-language activation in their articulation: Cognate words were named with shorter overall durations, but longer (more English-like) voice onset times. Inhibition of the first language during L2 speech planning appears to impact the stages of speech production at which cross-language activation patterns can be observed.
摘要
三组以英语为母语的人用他们的第二语言西班牙语大声朗读单词。将课堂环境（实验1）和家庭沉浸式项目（实验2）中的中级水平学习者与一组高熟练度的英-西双语者进行了比较。所有三组对同源词的命名都比匹配的非同源词更快、更准确，这表明所有说话者在言语规划过程中都经历了跨语言激活。然而，只有课堂学习者在发音中表现出跨语言激活的影响：同源词的总体发音时长更短，但语音起始时间更长（更像英语）。在第二语言言语规划过程中对第一语言的抑制似乎会影响能够观察到跨语言激活模式的言语产生阶段。
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