McKenzie Rae, Shaw Jessica M
Scottish Natural Heritage, Main Street, Bowmore, Isle of Islay, PA43 7JX, UK.
Scottish Natural Heritage, Battleby, Redgorton, Perth, PH1 3EW, UK.
Ambio. 2017 Mar;46(Suppl 2):198-209. doi: 10.1007/s13280-016-0880-8.
The Scottish island of Islay hosts 45 000 barnacle geese Branta leucopsis (56% of the Greenland barnacle goose population, plus those passing through on migration), 5000 Greenland white-fronted geese Anser albifrons flavirostris (up to 30% of the world population) and 2500 greylag geese Anser anser, most of which feed on 9000 ha of grassland. The financial impacts of estimated agricultural damage have risen greatly over the past 20 years due to increasing goose numbers and higher farming costs. Mechanisms implemented to resolve conflict over time are reviewed for their effectiveness. Emphasis is placed on coordinating the implementation of strategic national conflict resolution at a local scale where the relative pressure from internationally important concentrations of geese on agriculture is acute. Despite the "local" nature of this problem, the benefit from the experience of decades of attempted conflict resolution and the effectiveness of existing programmes can contribute much to the regional and flyway dimensions of this international issue.
苏格兰的艾莱岛栖息着45000只黑雁(占格陵兰黑雁种群数量的56%,加上迁徙途中路过的黑雁)、5000只格陵兰白额雁(占全球种群数量的30%)和2500只灰雁,它们大多以9000公顷的草地为食。由于鹅的数量增加和养殖成本上升,过去20年里,估计的农业损失所造成的经济影响大幅增加。对随着时间推移为解决冲突而实施的机制的有效性进行了审查。重点是在地方层面协调国家战略冲突解决措施的实施,因为国际上重要的鹅群集中地对农业造成的相对压力在这些地方十分严重。尽管这个问题具有“地方性”,但数十年来解决冲突的经验以及现有方案的有效性所带来的益处,可为这一国际问题的区域和迁徙路线层面做出很大贡献。