Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, UCSD, La Jolla, California, United States of America.
Computational Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, United States of America.
PLoS Biol. 2019 Feb 15;17(2):e2006732. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2006732. eCollection 2019 Feb.
Whole-brain recordings give us a global perspective of the brain in action. In this study, we describe a method using light field microscopy to record near-whole brain calcium and voltage activity at high speed in behaving adult flies. We first obtained global activity maps for various stimuli and behaviors. Notably, we found that brain activity increased on a global scale when the fly walked but not when it groomed. This global increase with walking was particularly strong in dopamine neurons. Second, we extracted maps of spatially distinct sources of activity as well as their time series using principal component analysis and independent component analysis. The characteristic shapes in the maps matched the anatomy of subneuropil regions and, in some cases, a specific neuron type. Brain structures that responded to light and odor were consistent with previous reports, confirming the new technique's validity. We also observed previously uncharacterized behavior-related activity as well as patterns of spontaneous voltage activity.
全脑记录为我们提供了大脑活动的全局视角。在这项研究中，我们描述了一种使用光场显微镜在行为成年果蝇中高速记录近全脑钙和电压活动的方法。我们首先获得了各种刺激和行为的全局活动图谱。值得注意的是，我们发现当果蝇行走时，大脑活动在全局范围内增加，但当它梳理时则不会。这种行走时的全局增加在多巴胺神经元中尤为强烈。其次，我们使用主成分分析和独立成分分析提取了空间上不同活动源的图谱及其时间序列。图谱中的特征形状与亚神经节区域的解剖结构相匹配，在某些情况下，与特定的神经元类型相匹配。对光和气味有反应的大脑结构与之前的报道一致，证实了新技术的有效性。我们还观察到了以前未被描述的与行为相关的活动以及自发电压活动的模式。
