Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, ul. Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
Toxins (Basel). 2019 Apr 15;11(4):224. doi: 10.3390/toxins11040224.
Maize has become one of the most important crops for food and feed production-both as a silage and crop residue worldwide. The present study aimed to identify the co-occurrence of , , , and on maize ear rot. Further, the accumulation of mycotoxins as secondary metabolites of spp. in maize ear samples was also analyzed. Maize ear samples were collected between 2014 and 2017 from two main maize growing areas in Poland (Greater Poland and Silesia region). A significant difference was found in the frequency of two main spp. that infect maize ears, namely and . In addition to spp. , and were also identified. species was found in 14% of maize samples examined between 2014 and 2017, particularly with a high percentage of spp. recorded in 2014, i.e., in 31% of samples. However, mycotoxin content (beauvericin and fumonisins) varied, depending on both the location and year of sampling. The interaction of fungi and insects inhabiting maize ear and kernel is very complex and not yet elucidated. Therefore, further research is required in this area.
玉米已成为全球重要的粮食和饲料生产作物之一，无论是青贮饲料还是作物残茬。本研究旨在确定玉米穗腐病中 、 、 、 和 的共同发生。此外，还分析了 spp. 作为次级代谢物在玉米穗样品中霉菌毒素的积累。玉米穗样品于 2014 年至 2017 年期间分别从波兰两个主要玉米种植区（大波兰地区和西里西亚地区）采集。发现感染玉米穗的两个主要 spp.（ 和 ）的频率存在显著差异。除了 spp. 外，还鉴定出了 和 。在 2014 年至 2017 年期间检查的玉米样品中， 种的发现率为 14%，特别是在 2014 年，即 31%的样品中，记录了高比例的 spp.。然而，霉菌毒素含量（ beauvericin 和 fumonisins）因采样地点和年份而异。栖息在玉米穗和穗轴上的真菌和昆虫的相互作用非常复杂，尚未阐明。因此，该领域需要进一步研究。
