Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2020 May 22;75(6):1222-1227. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glz125.
Dietary intakes of B vitamins (eg, folate) are related to cognitive function according to epidemiological studies in western countries. But prospective studies in Asian populations are scarce. This study evaluated the relationships of dietary intakes of six B vitamins in midlife with cognitive impairment in old age in a Chinese population living in Singapore.
This study included 16,948 participants from the Singapore Chinese Health Study, a population-based prospective cohort. Baseline dietary intakes of B vitamins were assessed using a validated 165-item food frequency questionnaire when the participants were aged 45-74 years (1993-1998). After an average follow-up of 20 years, cognitive function was examined using a Singapore-modified version of Mini-Mental State Examination scale in 2014-2016, and cognitive impairment was defined using education-specific cutoffs. Logistic regression models were applied to estimate the association between B vitamins and cognitive impairment. All the six B vitamins were mutually adjusted in the final model.
In the 2014-2016 interview, 2,443 participants were defined as cognitive impairment. Riboflavin and folate were significantly and independently associated with cognitive impairment in a dose-dependent manner: the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) comparing the highest with the lowest quartile was 0.82 (0.69, 0.97) for riboflavin and 0.83 (0.70, 0.98) for folate (both p-trend <.05). Dietary intakes of thiamine, niacin, vitamin B-6, and B-12 were not significantly associated with risk of cognitive impairment.
Higher dietary intakes of riboflavin and folate in midlife were associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment in late-life in the Chinese population.
根据西方国家的流行病学研究，B 族维生素（如叶酸）的膳食摄入量与认知功能有关。但亚洲人群的前瞻性研究很少。本研究评估了新加坡华人中年时期六种 B 族维生素的膳食摄入量与老年认知障碍的关系。
本研究纳入了新加坡华人健康研究中的 16948 名参与者，这是一项基于人群的前瞻性队列研究。参与者年龄在 45-74 岁（1993-1998 年）时，使用经过验证的 165 项食物频率问卷评估 B 族维生素的基线膳食摄入量。平均随访 20 年后，于 2014-2016 年使用新加坡改良的 Mini-Mental State 量表检查认知功能，并使用特定教育程度的截止值定义认知障碍。应用逻辑回归模型估计 B 族维生素与认知障碍之间的关联。最终模型中所有六种 B 族维生素相互调整。
在 2014-2016 年的访谈中，2443 名参与者被定义为认知障碍。核黄素和叶酸与认知障碍呈剂量依赖性显著相关：与最低四分位相比，最高四分位的比值比（95%置信区间）分别为核黄素 0.82（0.69，0.97）和叶酸 0.83（0.70，0.98）（两者的趋势检验均<0.05）。硫胺素、烟酸、维生素 B-6 和 B-12 的膳食摄入量与认知障碍的风险无显著相关性。
中年时期较高的核黄素和叶酸膳食摄入量与中国人群晚年较低的认知障碍风险相关。
