Jin Jiefu, Bhujwalla Zaver M
Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Front Oncol. 2020 Jan 21;9:1560. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01560. eCollection 2019.
Nanoparticles (NPs) camouflaged in cell membranes represent novel biomimetic platforms that can mimic some of the membrane functions of the cells from which these membranes are derived, in biological systems. Studies using cell membrane coated NPs cover a large repertoire of membranes derived from cells such as red blood cells, immune cells, macrophages, and cancer cells. Cancer cell membrane coated nanoparticles (CCMCNPs) typically consist of a NP core with a cancer cell plasma membrane coat that can carry tumor-specific receptors and antigens for cancer targeting. The NP core can serve as a vehicle to carry imaging and therapeutic moieties. As a result, these CCMCNPs are being investigated for multiple purposes including cancer theranostics. Here we have discussed the key steps and major issues in the synthesis and characterization of CCMCNPs. We have highlighted the homologous binding mechanisms of CCMCNPs that are being investigated for cancer targeting, and have presented our data that identify BT474 CCMCNPs as binding to multiple cancer cell lines. Current preclinical applications of CCMCNPs for cancer theranostics and their advantages and limitations are discussed.
伪装在细胞膜中的纳米颗粒（NPs）代表了新型的仿生平台，在生物系统中，这些平台能够模拟源自其细胞膜的细胞的某些膜功能。使用细胞膜包覆纳米颗粒的研究涵盖了源自多种细胞的细胞膜，如红细胞、免疫细胞、巨噬细胞和癌细胞。癌细胞膜包覆的纳米颗粒（CCMCNPs）通常由一个带有癌细胞质膜涂层的NP核心组成，该涂层可携带用于癌症靶向的肿瘤特异性受体和抗原。NP核心可作为携带成像和治疗部分的载体。因此，这些CCMCNPs正被用于包括癌症诊疗在内的多种目的的研究。在此，我们讨论了CCMCNPs合成与表征中的关键步骤和主要问题。我们强调了正在研究的用于癌症靶向的CCMCNPs的同源结合机制，并展示了我们的数据，这些数据表明BT474 CCMCNPs可与多种癌细胞系结合。本文还讨论了CCMCNPs目前在癌症诊疗方面的临床前应用及其优缺点。
