Regional Veterinary Department Križevci, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zakmandijeva 10, 48260 Križevci, Croatia.
Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Toxins (Basel). 2021 Jan 7;13(1):39. doi: 10.3390/toxins13010039.
To investigate into the T-2 and HT-2 toxin occurrence, 240 samples of unprocessed cereals (maize, wheat, barley, and oats) were sampled from different fields located in three Croatian regions during 2017-2018. In all samples, sum concentrations of T-2/HT-2 toxin were determined using the ELISA method, while the LC-MS/MS was used as a confirmatory method for both mycotoxins in positive samples (>LOD) and the establishment of T-2 over HT-2 toxin ratios. The results showed oats to be the most contaminated cereal, with T-2/HT-2 toxins detected in 70.0% of samples, followed by barley (40.9%), maize (26.8%) and wheat (19.2%), with the mean T-2/HT-2 ratio ranging from 1:2.7 in maize to 1:4.4 in oats. Sum T-2/HT-2 concentrations in two maize samples were higher than the indicative level recommended by the European Commission, necessitating subsequent investigations into the conditions under which these poorly investigated mycotoxins are produced. Statistically significantly ( < 0.05) higher concentrations of T-2/HT-2 toxin were determined in oats throughout study regions as compared to those found in wheat, but not maize and barley, while the concentrations of these mycotoxins were related to the regional weather in Croatia.
为了调查 T-2 和 HT-2 毒素的存在情况，2017 年至 2018 年期间，我们从克罗地亚三个地区的不同农田中采集了 240 份未加工谷物（玉米、小麦、大麦和燕麦）样本。在所有样本中，我们使用 ELISA 法测定 T-2/HT-2 毒素的总和浓度，而 LC-MS/MS 法则用于阳性样本（>LOD）中的两种霉菌毒素的确认，并建立 T-2 对 HT-2 毒素的比值。结果表明，燕麦是受污染最严重的谷物，70.0%的样本中检测到 T-2/HT-2 毒素，其次是大麦（40.9%）、玉米（26.8%）和小麦（19.2%），玉米中 T-2/HT-2 的平均比值为 1:2.7，燕麦中为 1:4.4。两个玉米样本中的 T-2/HT-2 总和浓度高于欧盟委员会推荐的指示性水平，需要进一步调查这些研究较少的霉菌毒素产生的条件。与小麦相比，研究区域内燕麦中的 T-2/HT-2 毒素浓度明显更高（<0.05），但与玉米和大麦相比则无明显差异，而这些霉菌毒素的浓度与克罗地亚的区域天气有关。
