Tao Meihan, Ao Tianrang, Mao Xiaoyan, Yan Xinzhu, Javed Rabia, Hou Weijian, Wang Yang, Sun Cong, Lin Shuang, Yu Tianhao, Ao Qiang
Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Bioact Mater. 2021 Feb 27;6(9):2927-2945. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.02.010. eCollection 2021 Sep.
Sterilization is the process of killing all microorganisms, while disinfection is the process of killing or removing all kinds of pathogenic microorganisms except bacterial spores. Biomaterials involved in cell experiments, animal experiments, and clinical applications need to be in the aseptic state, but their physical and chemical properties as well as biological activities can be affected by sterilization or disinfection. Decellularized matrix (dECM) is the low immunogenicity material obtained by removing cells from tissues, which retains many inherent components in tissues such as proteins and proteoglycans. But there are few studies concerning the effects of sterilization or disinfection on dECM, and the systematic introduction of sterilization or disinfection for dECM is even less. Therefore, this review systematically introduces and analyzes the mechanism, advantages, disadvantages, and applications of various sterilization and disinfection methods, discusses the factors influencing the selection of sterilization and disinfection methods, summarizes the sterilization and disinfection methods for various common dECM, and finally proposes a graphical route for selecting an appropriate sterilization or disinfection method for dECM and a technical route for validating the selected method, so as to provide the reference and basis for choosing more appropriate sterilization or disinfection methods of various dECM.
灭菌是杀灭所有微生物的过程，而消毒是杀灭或去除除细菌芽孢以外的各种致病微生物的过程。参与细胞实验、动物实验和临床应用的生物材料需要处于无菌状态，但其物理化学性质以及生物学活性可能会受到灭菌或消毒的影响。脱细胞基质（dECM）是通过从组织中去除细胞而获得的低免疫原性材料，它保留了组织中许多固有的成分，如蛋白质和蛋白聚糖。但是，关于灭菌或消毒对dECM影响的研究很少，对dECM进行灭菌或消毒的系统介绍更是少见。因此，本综述系统地介绍并分析了各种灭菌和消毒方法的机制、优缺点及应用，讨论了影响灭菌和消毒方法选择的因素，总结了各种常见dECM的灭菌和消毒方法，最后提出了为dECM选择合适的灭菌或消毒方法的图形路线以及验证所选方法的技术路线，以便为选择更合适的各种dECM灭菌或消毒方法提供参考和依据。
