School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
NORC at The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 24;18(13):6795. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18136795.
This study aims to examine how e-cigarette prices and advertising, key determinants of e-cigarette demand, are associated with the demand for smokeless tobacco (SLT) products in the US. Market-level sales and price data by year (2010-2017), quarter, and type of retail store were compiled from Nielsen retail store scanner database. E-cigarette TV advertising ratings data were compiled from Kantar Media. Four-way (market, year, quarter, store type) fixed-effect models were used to estimate the associations between e-cigarette price and TV advertising and sales of SLT products (chewing loose leaf, moist snuff, and snus). Our results showed that a 1% rise in own price was associated with a reduction in sales by 1.8% for chewing loose leaf, 1.6% for moist snuff, and 2.2% for snus, respectively. In addition, a 1% rise in disposable e-cigarette price was associated with 0.3% and 0.6% increased sales for moist snuff and snus, respectively. The association between e-cigarette TV advertising and SLT product sales was not significant. Our results suggest that disposable e-cigarettes and certain SLT products (moist snuff and snus) are potential substitutes. Policies aiming to regulate e-cigarette use and sales need to consider their potential link with the demand for SLT products.
这项研究旨在探讨电子烟价格和广告这两个电子烟需求的关键决定因素,与美国无烟烟草(SLT)产品的需求有何关联。通过尼尔森零售商店扫描数据库,按年(2010-2017 年)、季度和零售商店类型汇编了市场层面的销售和价格数据。通过 Kantar Media 汇编了电子烟电视广告收视率数据。使用四向(市场、年份、季度、商店类型)固定效应模型来估计电子烟价格和电视广告与 SLT 产品(嚼烟、湿鼻烟和鼻烟)销售之间的关联。我们的结果表明,电子烟价格上涨 1%,与嚼烟销售额分别下降 1.8%、湿鼻烟销售额下降 1.6%和鼻烟销售额下降 2.2%相关。此外,一次性电子烟价格上涨 1%,与湿鼻烟和鼻烟的销售额分别增加 0.3%和 0.6%相关。电子烟电视广告与 SLT 产品销售之间的关联并不显著。我们的研究结果表明,一次性电子烟和某些 SLT 产品(湿鼻烟和鼻烟)是潜在替代品。旨在规范电子烟使用和销售的政策需要考虑到它们与 SLT 产品需求之间的潜在联系。