Jain Pooja, Hassan Nazia, Khatoon Karishma, Mirza Mohd Aamir, Naseef Punnoth Poonkuzhi, Kuruniyan Mohamed Saheer, Iqbal Zeenat
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Moulana College of Pharmacy, Malappuram 679321, India.
Pharmaceutics. 2021 Jul 30;13(8):1175. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081175.
Periodontitis, a major oral disease, affects a vast majority of the population but has been often ignored without realizing its long-fetched effects on overall human health. A realization in recent years of its association with severe diseases such as carditis, low birth weight babies, and preeclampsia has instigated dedicated research in this area. In the arena of periodontal medicines, the studies of past decades suggest a link between human periodontal afflictions and certain systemic disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, respiratory disorders, preterm birth, autoimmune disorders, and cancer. Although, the disease appears as a locoregional infection, the periodontal pathogens, in addition their metabolic products and systemic mediators, receive access to the bloodstream, thereby contributing to the development of systemic disorders. Mechanism-based insights into the disease pathogenesis and association are highly relevant and shall be useful in avoiding any systemic complications. This review presents an update of the mechanisms and relationships between chronic periodontal infection and systemic disorders. Attention is also given to highlighting the incidence in support of this relationship. In addition, an attempt is made to propose the various periodonto-therapeutic tools to apprise the readers about the availability of appropriate treatment for the disease at the earliest stage without allowing it to progress and cause systemic adverse effects.
牙周炎是一种主要的口腔疾病，影响着绝大多数人口，但人们常常忽视它，没有意识到它对人类整体健康的深远影响。近年来，人们认识到它与诸如心内膜炎、低体重儿和先兆子痫等严重疾病有关，这促使了在该领域的专门研究。在牙周医学领域，过去几十年的研究表明，人类牙周疾病与某些全身性疾病之间存在联系，如心血管疾病、糖尿病、呼吸系统疾病、早产、自身免疫性疾病和癌症。尽管该疾病表现为局部感染，但牙周病原体及其代谢产物和全身介质会进入血液循环，从而导致全身性疾病的发展。基于机制对疾病发病机制和关联的深入了解非常重要，有助于避免任何全身性并发症。本综述介绍了慢性牙周感染与全身性疾病之间的机制和关系的最新情况。同时也着重强调了支持这种关系的发病率。此外，还尝试提出各种牙周治疗手段，以便让读者了解在疾病早期就有合适的治疗方法，从而不让疾病进展并产生全身性不良反应。
