Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Box 5969, 13060, Safat, Kuwait.
Department of Environmental Technology Management, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, P. O. Box 5969, 13060, Safat, Kuwait.
Sci Rep. 2021 Nov 2;11(1):21480. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-00980-6.
Atmospheric levels of pollutants may reduce the UVB intensity at the earth's surface, with a subsequent reduction in cutaneous vitamin D synthesis. We investigated the association of various pollutants with UVB intensity on the ground. Four-year data obtained from four weather stations from across Kuwait were analyzed by median regression. Pollutants that were negatively associated with UVB were [β (95% CI)]: benzene [- 2.61 (- 4.13, - 1.09)], ethyl-benzene [- 2.20 (- 3.15, - 1.25)], ozone [- 0.23 (- 0.28, - 0.17)], nitric oxide [- 0.11 (- 0.15, - 0.06)], sulfur dioxide [- 0.10 (- 0.17, - 0.04)] and particulate matter PM [- 0.002 (- 0.003, - 0.002)]. Pollutants that were negatively associated with the UVB/UVA ratio were [β (95% CI)]: benzene [- 15.57 (- 24.94, - 6.20)], nitric oxide [- 0.53 (- 0.81, - 0.25)], ozone [- 0.38 (- 0.70, - 0.06)], and total hydrocarbon [- 0.02 (- 0.04, - 0.01)]. Furthermore, benzene and nitric oxide levels were higher in the morning and evening hours, which are the times of most solar exposure in this region due to high temperature during midday. In addition to other known factors, attenuation of UVB by these pollutants may contribute to lower vitamin D levels in populations. In addition to direct public health hazard, these pollutants may contribute to the very high prevalence of VDD in this region.
大气污染物水平可能会降低地面的 UVB 强度，从而导致皮肤维生素 D 合成减少。我们研究了各种污染物与地面 UVB 强度的关联。通过中位数回归分析了来自科威特四个气象站的四年数据。与 UVB 呈负相关的污染物为：[β（95%置信区间）]：苯[-2.61（-4.13，-1.09）]、乙苯[-2.20（-3.15，-1.25）]、臭氧[-0.23（-0.28，-0.17）]、一氧化氮[-0.11（-0.15，-0.06）]、二氧化硫[-0.10（-0.17，-0.04）]和颗粒物 PM[-0.002（-0.003，-0.002）]。与 UVB/UVA 比值呈负相关的污染物为：苯[-15.57（-24.94，-6.20）]、一氧化氮[-0.53（-0.81，-0.25）]、臭氧[-0.38（-0.70，-0.06）]和总烃[-0.02（-0.04，-0.01）]。此外，苯和一氧化氮的水平在早晨和傍晚较高，由于中午温度较高，这是该地区阳光照射最多的时间。除了其他已知因素外，这些污染物对 UVB 的衰减可能导致人群中维生素 D 水平降低。除了直接的公共卫生危害外，这些污染物可能导致该地区 VDD 的高患病率。
