Bouchard Stéphane, Berthiaume Maxine, Robillard Geneviève, Forget Hélène, Daudelin-Peltier Camille, Renaud Patrice, Blais Caroline, Fiset Daniel
Département de Psychoéducation et de Psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Gatineau, QC, Canada.
School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Nov 5;12:739742. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.739742. eCollection 2021.
Two issues are increasingly of interest in the scientific literature regarding unwanted virtual reality (VR) induced side effects: (1) whether the latent structure of the () is comprised of two or three factors, and (2) if the measures symptoms of anxiety that can be misattributed to unwanted negative side effects induced by immersions in VR. Study 1 was conducted with a sample of 876 participants. A confirmatory factor analysis clearly supported a two-factor model composed of nausea and oculomotor symptoms instead of the 3-factor structure observed in simulators. To tease-out symptoms of anxiety from unwanted negative side effects induced by immersions in VR, Study 2 was conducted with 88 participants who were administered the in groups without being immersed in VR. A Spearman correlation showed that 11 out of 16 side effects correlated significantly with anxiety. A factor analysis revealed that items measuring general discomfort, difficulty concentrating, sweating, nausea, and vertigo loaded significantly on the anxiety factor comprised of items from the . Finally, a multiple regression indicated that the items measuring general discomfort and difficulty concentrating significantly predicted increases in anxiety. The overall results support the notion that side effects associated with immersions in VR consist mostly of a nausea and an oculomotor latent structure and that a few items are confounding anxiety and cybersickness. The data support the suggestion to revise the scoring procedures of the when using this instrument with immersions in VR.
关于虚拟现实(VR)引发的不良副作用,科学文献中越来越关注两个问题:(1)(某量表)的潜在结构是由两个还是三个因素组成;(2)该量表是否测量了可能被误归因于沉浸在VR中引发的不良负面副作用的焦虑症状。研究1以876名参与者为样本进行。验证性因素分析明确支持了一个由恶心和动眼症状组成的双因素模型,而非模拟器中观察到的三因素结构。为了从沉浸在VR中引发的不良负面副作用中梳理出焦虑症状,研究2对88名参与者进行了分组测试,这些参与者未沉浸在VR中就接受了该量表测试。斯皮尔曼相关性分析表明,16种副作用中有11种与焦虑显著相关。因素分析显示,测量一般不适、注意力难以集中、出汗、恶心和眩晕的项目在由该量表项目组成的焦虑因素上有显著载荷。最后,多元回归表明,测量一般不适和注意力难以集中的项目显著预测了焦虑的增加。总体结果支持这样一种观点,即与沉浸在VR中相关的副作用主要由恶心和动眼潜在结构组成,并且有一些项目混淆了焦虑和晕动病。数据支持在将该量表用于沉浸在VR中的情况时修订其评分程序的建议。
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