Zöller David D J A, Säurich Josefin, Metzger Julia, Jung Klaus, Lepenies Bernd, Becker Stefanie C
Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Viruses. 2024 Nov 26;16(12):1833. doi: 10.3390/v16121833.
(OBVs) represent a diverse group of RNA viruses, encompassing a progressively increasing number of arboviruses that cause disease in both humans and livestock. Yet, studies investigating these viruses remain scarce despite the critical importance of such knowledge for assessing their zoonotic potential. In this study, we conducted an evaluation of the early immune response against the understudied Batai virus (BATV), as well as the influence of reassortment with the Bunyamwera virus (BUNV) on this response. Using RNA sequencing of infected murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, complemented by qPCR assays, we assessed the innate immune response at the transcriptome level. Additionally, we extended the qPCR analysis by including human THP-1-derived dendritic cells and ovine SFT-R cells to identify differences across species. Our results provide the first evidence that BATV elicits a strong innate immune response compared to BUNV, which largely evades early detection. Reassortants exhibited intermediate phenotypes, although unique changes in the early immune response were found as well. These findings provide a starting point for a better understanding of the immune response to BATV. Furthermore, they raise the question of whether reassortment induces changes in the innate immune response that might contribute to the differences in pathogenicity between reassortant OBVs and their parental generations.
正布尼亚病毒属（OBVs）代表了一类多样的RNA病毒，其中包括越来越多的虫媒病毒，这些病毒可导致人类和家畜发病。然而，尽管此类知识对于评估其人畜共患病潜力至关重要，但对这些病毒的研究仍然很少。在本研究中，我们对针对研究较少的巴泰病毒（BATV）的早期免疫反应，以及与布尼亚姆韦拉病毒（BUNV）重配对此反应的影响进行了评估。我们使用感染的小鼠骨髓来源的树突状细胞的RNA测序，并辅以qPCR分析，在转录组水平评估先天免疫反应。此外，我们通过纳入人THP-1来源的树突状细胞和绵羊SFT-R细胞扩展了qPCR分析，以确定不同物种间的差异。我们的结果提供了首个证据，表明与BUNV相比，BATV引发了强烈的先天免疫反应，而BUNV在很大程度上逃避了早期检测。重配病毒表现出中间表型，不过也发现了早期免疫反应中的独特变化。这些发现为更好地理解对BATV的免疫反应提供了一个起点。此外，它们还提出了一个问题，即重配是否会引起先天免疫反应的变化，这可能导致重配的正布尼亚病毒属病毒与其亲代之间致病性的差异。
