Cadarette B S, Sawka M N, Toner M M, Pandolf K B
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1984 Jun;55(6):507-12.
This study examined the influence that aerobic fitness (VO2 max) had on final heart rate (HR), final rectal temperature (Tre), and total body sweat rate (Msw) when subjects exercised while euhydrated and hypohydrated (-5.0% from baseline body weight). Eight male and six female subjects completed four exercise tests both before and after a 10-d heat acclimation program. The tests were a euhydration and a hypohydration exposure conducted in a comfortable (20 degrees C, 40% rh) and in a hot-dry (49 degrees C, 20% rh) environment. Significant differences were not generally found between the genders for HR, Tre and Msw during the tests. In the comfortable environment, HR, Tre and Msw were not generally significantly correlated (p greater than 0.05) with VO2max. In the hot-dry environment, Tre and VO2max were significantly correlated (r = -0.58) when euhydrated before acclimation. HR was significantly related to VO2max before acclimation when eu- (r = -0.61) and hypohydrated (r = -0.60) as well as after acclimation when eu- (r = -0.57) and hypohydrated (r = -0.67). These data indicate that, when euhydrated in the heat, aerobic fitness provides cardiovascular and thermoregulatory benefits before acclimation, but only cardiovascular benefits after acclimation. However, when hypohydrated in the heat, cardiovascular benefits are present for fit subjects both before and after acclimation, but thermoregulatory benefits are not associated with fitness.
本研究考察了在正常水合状态和低水合状态（较基线体重降低5.0%）下，有氧适能（最大摄氧量）对受试者运动时的终末心率（HR）、终末直肠温度（Tre）和全身出汗率（Msw）的影响。8名男性和6名女性受试者在进行为期10天的热适应训练前后均完成了四项运动测试。测试包括在舒适环境（20℃，40%相对湿度）和热干环境（49℃，20%相对湿度）下进行的正常水合和低水合暴露。在测试过程中，HR、Tre和Msw在性别之间一般未发现显著差异。在舒适环境中，HR、Tre和Msw通常与最大摄氧量无显著相关性（p>0.05）。在热干环境中，适应训练前正常水合时，Tre与最大摄氧量显著相关（r=-0.58）。适应训练前正常水合（r=-0.61）和低水合（r=-0.60）时，以及适应训练后正常水合（r=-0.57）和低水合（r=-0.67）时，HR均与最大摄氧量显著相关。这些数据表明，在热环境中正常水合时，有氧适能在适应训练前提供心血管和体温调节益处，但在适应训练后仅提供心血管益处。然而，在热环境中低水合时，适应训练前后，健康受试者均有心血管益处，但体温调节益处与适能无关。
